Self-esteem and depression among adolescents
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Date
2014
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The study was conducted to find out the relationship of self-esteem and depression on 290
students, studying in 9th and 10th standard, age ranging from 15-16 years, from rural and urban area of
Hisar district, from Haryana state. Beck Depression Inventory, Inventory of Parent-Peer Attachment
(IPPA), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used for collecting data on depression, parent-peer
attachment and self-esteem respectively. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, t-test and
regression analysis were used to get the inferences as per objective. The mean age of respondents was
15.42years and nearly sixty percent selected respondents were females. Majority of respondents were
either 1st or 2nd born having average academic performance and studying in 10th class. Parental profile
revealed that mean chronological age of mothers and father was 36.84 and 41.49 years respectively.
Majority of mothers were illiterate or educated up to middle class, whereas majority of fathers were
matriculate. Most of the mothers were house wives and nearly half of fathers worked as laborers.
Majority of the respondents belonged to nuclear families with medium size and were from SC or BC
category. Annual income of the family was up to ` 1, 26,666.Results concluded that majority of the
respondents had high trust, communication and low level of alienation with their parents and peers.
Rural as well as female respondents had moderately secure attachment as compared to their
counterparts. Positive and significant correlations were observed in adolescent’s parent peer
attachment with gender, academic achievement, whereas, ordinal position was correlated only with
maternal attachment. Paternal age and occupation were negatively and significantly correlated with
peer trust, communication, alienation and paternal communication. Negative and significant correlation
existed between academic class and maternal communication, alienation, attachment and paternal
alienation, whereas, annual income had positive correlation only with maternal trust. The results related
to self-esteem revealed that majority of the adolescents had normal level of self-esteem. The urban girls
were superior to their counter parts in self-esteem. Significant and positive correlation of adolescents
self-esteem was seen with gender, academic achievement, maternal, paternal and peer trust,
communication and attachment, whereas, negative but significant relation were seen with paternal
occupation and maternal, paternal and peer alienation. Further majority of respondents were nondepressed
or had mild mood disturbances, whereas, 33.5% respondents had clinical depressive
symptoms. Comparatively males or respondents from rural area were more depressed. The self-esteem,
academic achievement and parent and peer trust, communication and attachment were negatively and
significantly correlated with depression hence acted as protective factors. Whereas maternal, paternal,
peer alienation was seen as risk factor for depression among adolescents. Further self-esteem, peer
alienation, mother communication and father trust were the significant predictors causing variance in
depression.
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