Marker assisted selection in wheat for high carotenoid and protein content in grains
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Biofortification in wheat has been always a neglected facet in the breeding programmes. The research was planned to biofortify the wheat grain with higher carotenoid and protein with low polyphenol oxidase activity and rust resistance. 7E translocated segment containing Y gene/Lr19/Sr25 from Lophopyrum ponticum, GpcB1/Yr36 and Yr15 were the genes to be pyramided in elite agronomic background for high carotenoid content, high grain protein content and stripe rust resistance respectively. 160 lines having Y gene in HD2967 background with the gene in 7A and 7D separately were screened for the presence of Y gene and their carotenoid content and other yield related traits. Biochemical observations showed the differential expression of the gene in different genotypes and increased carotenoid content up to 14ppm where probably, two doses of gene were pyramided in a same genotype (7A and 7D) in F2 population while the commercial hexaploid wheat varieties have carotenoid in the range of 3-4 ppm. UCW8 and BARC8 were used to screen the genes GpcB1 and Yr15 and phenol reaction was carried out for testing the poly phenol oxidase activity. In the F2 population, out of seven crosses synthesized, only one gave good results for carotenoid content while three crosses died in F1 generation due to necrosis. A total of 16 lines were identified which showed high carotenoid and protein content in grains with low PPO activity. The lines having GpcB1 gene were also screened for their yield characteristics and related traits, out of which 3 lines have been identified with high grain protein content and relatively equivalent yield with the commercial checks.
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