“DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION STUDY FOR HEAT, DROUGHT AND COMBINE HEAT AND DROUGHT IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPE”
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Date
2012
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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum spp.) is self pollinated cereal crop, belonging to the family Poaceae (grasses) and is the most important and universally grown of all food grains having its origin in south western Asia. It is estimated that one third of the world’s population depend on wheat for their nutritional requirements. Abiotic stress is the primary reason for farm production loss worldwide, causing average yield reductions of more than 50%, in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The present investigation was carried out with an aim to study the candidate genes responsible for resistance against heat and drought in wheat and comparison of gene expression between control and stress tissues with in susceptible and resistant genotypes through RT-PCR.
Genotypes differing in degree of sensitivity to drought, heat, combine heat and drought stress selected were GW11 and GW273. The study was conducted with objectives for screening of Hsps genes under heat, drought and combine heat & drought stress and also to study the differential
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expression of Hsp genes in wheat through real time PCR and bioinformatics tools. Physiological parameters suggested that root length, shoot length and relative water content significantly decreased in stress conditions as compared to control condition in both the genotypes. However, between the genotypes GW273 had high effect various stresses as compared to GW11 for all the physiological parameters. Total RNA concentration ranged from 332.56-630.00 ng/μl. From total RNA, cDNA synthesis was carried out to study differential gene expression. The genes selected were Hsp70, Hsp26.5, Hsp17.3, Hsp16.9, Hsp23.6 and Hsp 101b. Gene expression study revealed that in drought stress Hsp70, Hsp26.5, Hsp16.9 and Hsp17.3 had higher regulation in genotype GW11. Hsp17.3 and Hsp26.5 showed the maximum expression as compared to Hsp70 and Hsp 16.9 in GW11. In response to heat stress Hsp26.5, Hsp16.9 and Hsp17.3 showed upregulation in genotype GW11 where Hsp17.3 reported the maximum gene expression. The study further revealed all six Hsp genes except Hsp101b were influenced by drought and heat stress. Hsp26.5 and Hsp17.3 were highly upregulated by 6.4 and 5 fold as compare to GW273.
Overall gene expression study suggested that Hsp 17.3, Hsp26.5 were upregulated in drought, heat and combine drought-heat in wheat genotypes differing in degree of susceptibility to drought, heat, and combine heat and drought.
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Agricultural,Plant Biotechnology, Study