Genetic studies on early maturing Sugarcane for high Sucrose and Cane Yield.
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Date
2017
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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
A study was conducted at Pusa Farm, Dr. RPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar during spring season 2016-17 for genetic studies on early maturing sugarcane for high sucrose and cane yield. Investigation was carried out on variability, character association, path analysis and to identify the superior clones for high cane and sugar yield. Data were collected for twenty characters viz., germination percentage at 45 DAP, germination percentage at 90 DAP, number of shoots at 120 DAP (000/ha), number of shoots at 240 DAP (000/ha), plant height at 150 days (cm), plant height at 240 days (cm), plant height at harvest (cm), cane diameter at harvest (cm), fibre per cent at harvest, single cane weight (kg), number of millable cane at harvest (000/ha), brix per cent during 8 month stage, pol per cent during 8 months stage, purity per cent during 8 months stage, brix per cent during 10 month stage, pol per cent during 10 months stage, purity per cent during 10 months stage, cane yield (tonne/ha), CCS per cent at harvest and sugar yield (tonne/ha) at harvest. Sixteen genotypes were grown in Randomised Block Design with three replications.
Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the clones for all the characters under study. Maximum range was found for the character plant height at 150 days followed by plant height at 240 days and cane yield. The phenotypic coefficient of variance was greater than genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters under study. The characters like cane yield, sugar yield, single cane weight, number of shoots at 120 DAP, cane diameter and germination percentage at 90 DAP showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean. Hence, direct selection can be done through these characters for future improvement of genotype.
Characters like plant height at 150 days, plant height at 240 days, cane diameter, single cane weight, millable cane, plant height at harvest exhibited
significant and positive association with cane yield. Characters namely, plant height at 150 days, plant height at 240 days cane diameter, cane weight, millable cane, plant height at harvest, brix per cent during 10 month stage, pol per cent during 10 month stage and CCS per cent showed significant and positive association with sugar yield. Strong positive and significant interrelationship was observed between cane yield and sugar yield as these characters had significant positive correlation with cane yield and sugar yield so, the selection can be practised for character in order to identify the superior clones for improvement of cane and low sugar yield in early maturing sugarcane.
The characters viz., single cane weight and millable cane have to be given importance in selection process for improvement of cane and sugar yield, since they had positive correlation with sugar and cane yield and high positive direct effect towards cane and sugar yield. Maximum indirect effect was observed by single cane weight on cane yield via. plant height at 150 days and cane diameter at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Hence, selection based on these characters would be more effective.
In order to make selection more effective, six characters were used in present investigation viz., selection based on per se performance of cane yield, sugar yield, single cane weight, cane diameter, germination percentage at 90 DAP, number of shoots at 120 DAP as these characters showed high heritability coupled with genetic advance as per of mean. Clones namely, CoP 15437, CoP 14436 and CoP 11437 can be utilised for improvement of cane and sugar yield in early maturing sugarcane.
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