Pathobiological studies on cadmium induced subacute toxicity and evaluation of its amelioration by brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) with special reference to neurotoxicity in wistar rats

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dc.contributor.advisorSharma, Maneesh
dc.contributor.authorChaudhary, Vishal
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-19T15:42:12Z
dc.date.available2024-03-19T15:42:12Z
dc.date.issued2023-06
dc.description.abstractAn experimental study was conducted in male Wistar rats to assess the effects of cadmium (Cd) induced subacute toxicity and the ameliorative effect of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) ethanolic extract supplementation. A total of 48 male Wistar rats of approximately 6-8 weeks old were randomly divided into 8 groups i.e., G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4, G-5, G6, G-7 and G-8 with 6 rats in each group. G-1 was kept as control, administered with distilled water, G-2 was orally administered with high (1/5th LD50) dose of CdCl2 , G-3 was orally administered with medium (1/10th LD50) dose of CdCl2 , G-4 was orally administered with lower (1/20th LD50 ) dose of CdCl2 , G-5 was orally administered with high (1/5th LD50) dose of CdCl2 along with Brahmi extract supplementation @ 50 mg/kg body wt., orally, G-6 was orally administered with medium (1/10th LD50) dose of CdCl2 , along with Brahmi extract supplementation @ 50 mg/kg body wt., orally, G-7 was orally administered with lower (1/20th LD50) dose of CdCl2 along with Brahmi extract supplementation @ 50 mg/kg body wt., orally, G-8 was kept as Brahmi control and supplemented with Brahmi extract @ 50 mg/kg body wt., orally. The rats of groups G-2, G-3 and G-4 intoxicated with Cd exhibited varying degree of clinical signs such as dullness, reduced feed intake, alopecia, hunch back posture and chromodacryorrhoea on 22nd day onwards upto end of experiment. One mortality was observed only in group intoxicated with high dose of Cd (G-2) on 26th day of Cd intoxication. Significant decrease in wire hanging test, photoactometer activity and forced swim test were observed in Cd intoxicated rats (G-2, G-3 and G-4) in dose dependent manner as compared to control groups (G-1 and G-8). Mean body weight and organs weight was significantly decreased in Cd intoxicated groups (G-2, G-3 and G4) as compared to their respective control groups (G-1 and G-8). Haematological studies showed significant decrease in mean Hb, PCV, TEC, MCV, MCHC and platelets count while non-significant decrease in MCH in groups (G-2, G-3 and G-4) at the end of experimental study. Mean TLC count was significantly decreased and differential leucocyte counts revealed neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia in groups (G-2, G-3 and G-4) as compared to their respective control groups. Biochemical studies showed significant decrease in mean total serum protein, albumin and globulin concentration and significant increase in serum AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, glucose, serum amylase, BUN and creatinine concentration in groups (G-2, G-3 and G-4) at the end of experimental study. LPO activity in different organs (liver, kidney, brain and testes) was significantly increased, while SOD and catalase activity were significantly decreased in groups (G-2, G-3 and G-4) as compared to their respective control groups. Mean NO activity was significantly increased and AchE activity was decreased in brain tissues of rats intoxicated with Cd (G-2, G-3 and G-4) in dose dependent manner as compared to their respective control groups. On gross examination, rats of groups G-2, G-3 and G-4 showed varying degrees of atrophy, congestion and haemorrhages in liver, kidneys, brain, testes and spleen. Histopathological lesions in groups G-2, G-3 and G-3 revealed varying degrees of congestion, degenerative changes in hepatocytes, bile duct proliferation, MNC‟s infiltration and degenerative changes in tubular epithelium, nephritis in kidneys, congestion in meningeal blood vessels of brain, degeneration of neurons in cerebral cortex region, CA3 region of hippocampus and Purkinje cells in cerebellum, Alzheimer‟s tyle-II astrocytes were present in brain, necrotic changes in seminiferous tubules of testes, sloughing of ciliated epithelium and necrotic sperm debris in epididymis and depletion of lymphocytes in spleen. Cd concentration in different organs (liver, kidney, brain and testes) was significantly increased in Cd intoxicated groups (G-2, G-3 and G-4) as compared to their respective control groups. However, Cd concentration was non-significantly decreased in Brahmi supplemented groups intoxicated with high dose of Cd cadmium (G-5) as compared to the groups G-2. Cd intoxicated groups (G-6 and G-7) supplemented with Brahmi showed comparatively less toxicity effects in all the parameters studied, as compared to G-3 and G-4, respectively. Results of the present study indicates that Brahmi supplementation along with Cd intoxication showed ameliorative effect in medium and low doses of Cd
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810207591
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.pages95 + xix
dc.publisherLUVAS Hisar
dc.subVeterinary Pathology
dc.themePathobiological studies on cadmium induced subacute toxicity and evaluation of its amelioration by brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) with special reference to neurotoxicity in wistar rats
dc.these.typeM.V.Sc.
dc.titlePathobiological studies on cadmium induced subacute toxicity and evaluation of its amelioration by brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) with special reference to neurotoxicity in wistar rats
dc.typeThesis
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