GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION AND REPRODUCTION TRAITS OF TRIPLE CROSS (HF 25 % X J 25 % X KANKREJ 50 %) CATTLE ON AN ORGANIZED FARM
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Date
2007
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
Present study was undertaken for genetic analysis of production and reproduction traits of HJK triple cross (HF 25% x J 25% x Kankrej 50%) maintained at Livestock Research Station, AAU, Anand, Gujarat from 1990 to 2005. The study included analysis of 572 lactation records of 223 HJK triple cross cows of three generations belonging to 36 sires. Data were scrutinized for abnormality and finally 266 lactation records of 126 cow progenies of 21 sires having complete set of all necessary records were used for genetic analysis. Various traits like Calf weight (CW), Weight at first calving (WFC), Age at first calving (AFC), Service period (SP), Calving interval (CI), Breeding efficiency (BE), Lactation length (LL), Dry period (DP), Lactation milk yield (LY), Standard lactation milk yield (SLMY), Lifetime total lactation days (LTTLD), Lifetime total milk yield (LTTMY), Average milk production per day of lactation length (MY/LL), Average milk production per day of calving interval (MY/CI), Average milk production per day of lifetime milking days (MY/PL), Average milk production per day of lifefime calving intervals (MY/HL), Peak yield (PY), Days to attain peak milk yield (DAPMY), Persistency of lactation, Milk production efficiency per kg of WFC (MPEK), Milk production efficiency per kg of WFC and lactation days (MPEKD), genetic and non-genetic factors affecting the traits, lactation curve dynamics and path analysis have been studied. Data were analyzed using Mixed Model Least Squares and Maximum Likelihood computer programme (Harvey, 1990) to overcome the non-orthgonality of the data. Three sets of data for Fl, F2 and F3 generations were categorized. Various effects like sire, season of calving, period of calving, parity, etc. on important dairy traits were estimated by using model-1, genetic parameters like heritability, genotypic and phenotypic correlation, etc. were estimated by using model-2 and repeatability was estimated by using model-8. The Gamma, Inverse Polynomial, Gaines and Rook functions were fitted to derive lactation curves using SPSS programme. The Path analysis was carried out using phenotypic correlations of traits affecting SLMY. The least squares means of SLMY, PY, DAPMY, MY/LL, MY/CI, LL, DP, SP, CI, AFC, Birth weight, WFC, BE, MPEK, MPEKD, TC, TCI, TLTLD, TLTMY, MY/PL and MY/HL in Fl generation of HJK triple cross were 2253.76 ± 41.31 kg, 13.91 ± 0.24 kg, 27.96 ± 1.47 days, 7.49 ± 0.15 kg, 5.53 ± 0.13 kg, 299.63 ± 3.68 days, 115.56 ± 7.3 days, 137.74 ± 7.11 days, 415.20 ± 7.12 days, 1032.95 ± 27.40 days, 22.93 ± 0.19 kg, 335.55 ± 14.99 kg, 86.64 %, 6.43 ± 0.92 kg, 0.021 ± 0.0019 kg, 3.61 ± 0.64 unit, 1498.15 i 268.97 days, 1079.39 ± 195.50 days, 7436.61 ± 634.13 kg, 4,96 ± 0.25 and 2.93 ± 0.22 respectively. ' The estimates for the same in F2 and F3 generations were 2166.68 ±47.16 and 1846.90 ± 47.34 kg, 12.21 ± 0.24 and 09.56 ± 0.63 kg, 30.98 ± 3.42 and 16.50 ± 1.39 days, 7.19 ± 0.15 and 6.30 ± 0.23 kg, 5.64 ± 0.15 and 5.11 ± 0.14 kg, 308.94 ± 4.07 and 287.00± 4.46 days, 94.97 ± 7.99 and 66.50 ± 2.08 days, 125.99 ± 8.16 and 85.00 ± 4.59 days, 403.92 ± 8.20 and 353.50 ± 3.69 days, 1227.65 ±31.78 and 1285.60 ± 93.42 days, 22.42 ± 0.13 and 21.99 ± 0.29 kg, 314.09 ± 8.33 and 294.59 ± 17.50 kg. 90.09 and 99.17 %, 6.87 ± 0.52 and 6.41 ± l.Ol kg, 0.019 ± 0.0011 and 0.019 ± 0.0022 kg, 3.42 ± 0.4 and 3.32 ±0.74 unit, 1378.26 ± 168.16 and 1179.96 ± 208.98 days, 1053.36 ± 118.06 and 952.84 ± 125.53 days, 6685.15 ± 452.91 and 6207.74 ± 896.12 kg, 4.85 ± 0.16 and 5.26 ± 0.46 & 2.56 ± 0.18 and 2.51 ± 0.34 respectively. Their pooled estimates were 2207.61 ± 31.25 kg, 13.08 ± 0.18 kg, 28.98 ± 1.68 days, 7.34 ± 0.11 kg, 5.57 ± 0.09 kg, 303.30 ± 2.69 days, 105.71 ± 1.09 days, 131.56 ± 2.04 days, 409.02 ± 6.02 days, 1148.11 ± 51.02 days, 22.34 ± 0.21 kg, 322.96 ± 4.70 kg, 88.40 %, 6.66 ± 0.20 kg, 0.02 ± 0.0003 kg, 3.5 ± 0.13, 1421.67 ± 81.06 days, 1059.94 ± 40.17 days, 6990.43 ± 342.51 kg, 4.91 ±0.09 and 2.71 ± 0.14 respectively. There was decline in SLMY (18.05 %), PY (31.28 %), MY/LL (13.89 %), MY/CI (7.60 %), LL (4.02 %), WFC (12.21 %), MPEK (0.32 %), MPEKD (9.53 %), TLTLD (11.77 %), TLTMY(16.53 %) on interbreeding. AFC increased by 24.5 % and DAPMY by 41.00 %. However, there was improvement in BE (15.26 %), MY/PL (8.45 %) and MY/HL (7.96 %). Improvement was also observed in the form of decreased DP (42.45 %), SP (38.0 %), CI (14.96 %) and TCI (21.24 %). The effect of generation was significant only for SLMY, CI, MY/LL, PI-1, PI-4 and PI-7.
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