Study on milk safety status: assessment of common adulterants in market milk of Punjab
Loading...
Date
2018-02-21
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
GADVASU, Ludhiana
Abstract
Comparative appraisal of analytical sensitivity of various milk adulteration kits and biochemical methods revealed that commercial kit (D), biochemical tests (A), institutional kit (B), commercial kit (E) and institutional kit (C) were found to be most sensitive for 8, 7, 4, 2 and 1 milk adulterants, respectively. Out of 732 milk samples collected from markets of Punjab, 14 (1.91%) for formaldehyde, 93 (12.70%) for neutralizer, 160 (21.86%) for water, 14 (1.91%) for urea, 6 (0.82%) for starch, 108 (14.75%) for salt, 8 (1.09%) for cane sugar, 17 (2.32%) for skim milk powder and 16 (2.19%) for detergent were found to be positive on qualitative assessment. No sample was found to be adulterated with hydrogen peroxide, glucose and calcium carbonate. Quantitative estimation of all samples found positive in preliminary screening was performed for formaldehyde, urea, detergent, starch and cane sugar using HPLC, colorimetric, spectro-photometric and titration based methodology, respectively. In total, 160 milk samples were analyzed to assess microbial safety of milk. Results showed that milk sold from shops and pasteurized milk of organized sector is associated with lower levels of risk, while raw milk and milk sold by door-to-door vendors posed higher levels of risk. Out of total, 80 raw milk samples were taken to assess milk quality. Results of Somatic Cell Count revealed that milk samples collected from Amritsar and Bhatinda were related with lower risk, while from Nawanshahr and Ferozepur posed higher risk. On the basis of Preliminary Incubation Count, all the collected milk samples were associated with higher risk. Results of Laboratory Pasteurization Count showed that milk samples from Ferozepur were related with lower risk and Gurdaspur, Ropar, Nawanshahr, Amritsar, Jalandhar, Faridkot, Bhatinda and Moga were associated with higher risk. A simple, low-cost, rapid, reproducible and field applicable smart phone based colorimetric method was also standardized and validated for the quantitative determination of neutralizer in milk samples.
Description
Keywords
null