EXTRACELLULAR ENZYME PRODUCTION BY Pleurotus SPECIES AS A POTENTIAL SELECTABLE MARKER FOR MUSHROOM YIELD
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Date
2011
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PAU Ludhiana
Abstract
Pleurotus is a sub- tropical mushroom which can be grown under natural climatic
conditions in North Africa, Southern Europe and Central Asia. Pleurotus has gained broad
acceptability due to its proliferation on wide range of suitable substrates and a simple
cultivation technique. During the present study four species of Pleurotus namely P. eryngii, P.
flabellatus, P. florida and P. sajor-caju were evaluated for their mycelial extension rate,
lignocellulolytic enzyme activity, total protein content and yield potential. Maximum mycelial
extension rate was observed in P. sajor-caju on paddy straw (PS 11.4 cm) and wheat
straw+paddy straw (WS+PS 11.4 cm). Screening of Pleurotus species for lignocellulolytic
enzyme activity indicated that P. sajor caju showed maximum cellulase activity (Fpase,
endoglucanase and cellobiohydrolase, 1.55, 4.64 and 6.00 (U/mg protein) followed by P. florida
whereas reverse was true for endoxylanase (9.66 U/mg protein) and laccase (1.45 U/mg
protein). Under solid state fermentation, P. sajor-caju showed maximum cellulase activity
(Fpase-3.21 on WS+PS, endoglucanase-6.96 on WS+PS, cellobiohydrolase-20.2 on PS) and
endoxylanase activity-30.9 on WS (U/mg protein) followed by P.florida. Maximum laccase
activity (1.64 on PS) was observed in P.florida. Maximum protein content (1.72 mg) was
observed in culture filtrate of P. eryngii. SDS-PAGE of extracellular proteins showed two bands
in P. flabellatus and P. eryngii at molecular weight of 15.0 and 14.7 KDa which were similar to
that found in P. florida and P. sajor-caju. It appeared that these bands showed their species
specificity Among the four species, it was observed that P. florida had a maximum potential to
show biological efficiency 102.5% followed by P. sajor-caju 87.2% on WS+PS. Pinhead appeared
between 35-45 days and average weight of a fruit body ranged between 9.8-19.3 gm. The
maximum number of fruit bodies were harvested from P. florida followed by P. sajor-caju with
lowest in P. eryngii on WS, PS and WS+PS. P. sajor-caju was the best strain in terms of enzyme
activity whereas P. florida was better in terms of enzyme activity and yield potential but this
correlation pattern was not followed in other species-P. eryngii and P. flabellatus which could be
the probable effect of biotic and abiotic factors involved in fruiting morphogenesis of
mushrooms.
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