Genetic Variability For Traits Related To Synchronous Maturity In Greengram
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Date
2019-07
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AAU, Jorhat
Abstract
The present study was conducted with 38 greengram genotypes with the
objectives to determine the nature and extent of variation in the phenological traits related to
synchronous maturity and to assess the pattern of association of yield and yield related
attributes with flowering traits and to characterize them with molecular markers. Morphological
data recorded on 17 quantitative traits were analysed for different variability parameters with
genetic and DNA fingerprint analysis using 16 SSR primers. Analysis of variance revealed
significant variation among genotypes for all the characters except for 100 seed weight. The
best genotypes for yield and yield attributing characters identified were KM 2355, AKM 12-24,
AKM 12-28, MH 2-15, IPM 312-20 and HUM 1. Pant M-4 was the most determinate at 90%
pod maturity from first flower. RMG 1092 was the most determinate for plant height from first
flower to first pod and 90% pod maturity. RMG 1087 was determinate for plant height from
first pod maturity to 90% pod maturity. The GCV and PCV estimates were high for number of
pods per plant followed by degree of indetermination of plant height from first pod maturity to
90% pod maturity and number of branches per plant respectively. High heritability coupled
with high genetic advance as % of mean was observed for 13 traits including yield per plant.
Based on D2 values, the genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. Maximum inter cluster
distance was observed between clusters III and cluster VI followed by cluster V and cluster
VIII while lowest distance was noticed between cluster I and cluster VII. Days to 90% pod
maturity followed by days to first flowering and days to first pod maturity had highest
contribution towards genetic divergence. Yield was positively correlated with plant height at
first pod maturity, branches per plant, seeds per pods and 100 seed weight but it was negatively
correlated with days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to first pod maturity and
days to 90% pod maturity. The highest positive direct effect in path analysis was observed for
days to first flowering indicating importance of this trait despite negative correlation with seed
yield per plant. SSR markers used in the present study revealed low level of polymorphism
among genotypes. Per cent polymorphism ranged from 25.67% to 82.00% with an average of
62.9%. The PIC value ranged from 0.478 (CEDG 282) to 0.983 (cp06427) with an average of
0.636. Resolving power (Rp) value ranged from 2.789 (GMES 4255) to 0.368 (cp06427) with
an average value of 1.690. Jaccard’s coefficient of similarity ranged from 0.92 (IPM 2-14
between Pant M-4) to 0.00 between several genotypes with an average value of 0.27. Based on
dendrogram generated through UPGMA method, two major clusters (A& B) were identified
with B having 7 sub-clusters. The clustering patterns indicated that geographical origin did not
play role in cluster composition at molecular level and morphological level.