DETECTION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF BACTERIAL AND VIRAL PATHOGENS FROM RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN DOGS
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Date
2023-01-24
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCS, POOKODE, WAYANAD, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY
Abstract
Numerous diseases commonly affect dogs for a number of reasons, many of those being brought on by inadequate management techniques. Respiratory diseases in dogs can result from a wide variety of infections, with the majority of cases being polymicrobial and multifactorial in origin. The canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC) is a significant subset of these diseases.
The major pathogens that were classically associated with CIRDC are Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), canine distemper virus (CDV), canid alpha herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1), and canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV). Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV), canine pneumovirus (CnPnV), Mycoplasma cynos, and Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus are some of the most recent infections to be associated with the development of CIRDC. Additionally, canine pneumovirus (CnPnV) and canine non-primate hepacivirus (CNPHV) have been occasionally linked to CIRDC. Despite the fact that CIRDC is typically thought to affect kennelled dogs, there is significant evidence of the disease in pet dogs, many of which have moderate to severe disease symptoms. A total of 59 samples were tested and 11 were positive for CDV nucleic acid targeting the N gene. Of a total of 59 tested samples 13 were found positive for Mycoplasma spp. by PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene. After analysis of the amplified sequences using BLAST, one of the samples was confirmed as Mycoplasma cynos and one sample was confirmed as Mycoplasma maculosum. None of the samples tested were positive for Bb, CAV-2, CHV-1, CRCoV, Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus CnPnV, and CNPHV. Sequencing and Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the CDV isolates are related but different strains. The isolates from Wayanad were related with the south Indian isolates. The isolates from Ernakulam, Malappuram, and Kannur showed close resemblance with the North Indian isolates.