Morpho-anatomical and biochemical characterization of interspecific cotton (Gossypium spp.) derivatives for jassid tolerance
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Date
2023
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Morpho-anatomical and biochemical characterization of interspecific cotton (Gossypium spp.) derivatives for jassid tolerance” was undertaken to evaluate the performance of backcross derivatives carrying genomic introgressions of G. arboreum in G. hirsutum background for jassid tolerance. Various leaf morpho-anatomical characteristics such as gossypol glands, trichome density on both young and mature leaves, extrafloral nectaries, distance between lower epidermis to phloem, leaf thickness in stelar and extra-stelar region were studied in parents G. arboreum LD 491, G. hirsutum LH 2107 and their BC1F2 derivatives find out their relationship with jassid (Amrasca biguttula) tolerance on cotton. Present research revealed non-significant differences for gossypol glands and extrafloral nectaries among the parents. The backcross derivatives exhibited a wide genetic variation for gossypol glands, trichome density and other studied morpho- anatomical traits. Trichome density was significantly higher in G. arboreum (156.02±4.36) than G. hirsutum cv. LH 2107 (92.24±2.03). However, trichome counts on young and mature leaves depicted a
significant decline in trichome density with maturity among parents and backcross derivatives. The backcross derivatives exhibited wide range of leaf thickness from 0.25 mm to 0.82 mm in stelar region whereas in extra-stelar regions, the BC1F2 individuals had leaf thickness from 0.09 mm to 0.30 mm. The distance between lower epidermis to phloem was highest in G. arboreum (0.26 mm) than G. hirsutum (0.23 mm). The backcross population had a range of 0.13 mm - 0.36 mm for distance of lower epidermis to phloem among the individuals. No direct relationship between above mentioned morpho-anatomical traits and jassid nymph count on was depicted in our study. In addition, various biochemicals such as chlorophyll and carotenoid, sugars, starch, gossypol, phenolic, tannins, flavonoids, lignin and salicylic acid contents of leaf tissue were also determined in G. arboreum and G. hirsutum parents and backcross population at maximum jassid infestation. Tolerant entries (belonging to Grade I and II) had significantly higher contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid, soluble sugars, total phenols, tannins, and flavonoids than susceptible group of entries (with grade
IV). Starch and salicylic acid content was significantly lower in the tolerant group of genotypes than susceptible ones. Our study concluded that higher levels of the secondary metabolites (phenols, tannins, flavonoids) and maintained production of sugar assimilates might contribute towards jassid tolerance of interspecific derivatives belonging to Grade I and Grade II.
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Garg, Nitika (2023). Morpho-anatomical and biochemical characterization of interspecific cotton (Gossypium spp.) derivatives for jassid tolerance (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.