EFFECT OF MODIFIED ENVIRONMENT DURING SUMMER ON THE PERFORMANCE OF GROWING PIGS
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Date
1998
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
An investigation was carried out to study the environment
variables and the effect of modified housing conditions on the
physiological norms and growth performance during the dry
season on the large white Yorkshire grower pigs. The modified
housing include, - without wallow and sprinkler, Tj - with
wallow only, T3 - with sprinkler only and T4 - with wallow and
sprinkler as the four treatment groups.
The dry season (summer) characterised by higher ambient
temperature (maximum temperature - 31.5° to 37°C, minimum
temperature 22.8 to 26.1°C, mean temperature - 27.4°C to
31.3°C), comparatively lower relative humidity (mean RH 63.15
to 75.68%) and wind speed (2.75 to 7.8 km/h) . The higher
range of temperature was sufficient to cause stress on the
performance of the grower pigs as per the literatures.
The treatment (TJ without wallow and sprinkler varies
significantly (P<0.05) in the body temperature, respiration
rate, cardiac rate both in the forenoon and afternoon from the
Tj, T3 and T4 gramps, i.e., T^ has shown more of physiological
stress reaction than other treatment groups. T, was found to
be more comfortable than T^. and T3 were having no
significant difference except in afternoon body temperature
and respiration rate.
There were no statistically significant (P<0.05)
difference between treatment groups in the fortnightly body
weight gain from the first fortnight to upto twelfth
fortnight. The twelfth fortnight body weight of the
treatments T^, T2, T3 and T4 were 70.833 ± 2.114, 69.333 ±
5.816, 73.333 ± 5.681 and 71.667 ± 5.975. There were also no
significant difference in the body length, chest girth and
body height among the treatment groups in the fortnightly
observations. Though T^ had shown significant (P<0.05) rise
of physiological norms that had not reached upto the level of
growth retardation.
The overall fortnightly rate of gain (kg) and average
daily gain (g) of the treatment groups of T^, Tj, Tj and T^
were 5.08 ± 0.60, 4.97 ± 0.54, 5.28 ± 0.56 and 5.17 ± 0.60 and
339 ± 39.9, 330.9 ± 36.1, 351.7 ± 37.6 and 343.9 ± 36.0.
Under restricted feeding regime, T3 was having relatively
better feed conversion efficiency and lower cost per kg of
live weight production than T^, T^ and Tj. The conversion
efficiency of T^, T^, T3 and T^ were 4.05, 4.15, 3.91 and 3.99
and cost per kg of live weight production 36.16, 37.03, 35.05
and 35.81.
Based on the observations and the results suitable method
of environment modification during the dry season for grower
pigs can be recommended.
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