Evaluation of morpho-physiological and biochemical changes in garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulbs stored under different temperature conditions
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Date
2020
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Publisher
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to assess the optimum storage temperature for garlic
(Allium sativum L.) with minimum deterioration and also for the most promising genotype on
the basis of morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters. Garlic genotypes (PG-17, PG-
18, PG-29, PG-46 and PG-48) were kept in three storage temperatures; 0°C, 15°C and room
temperature for four months for evaluation of various parameters and then planted to evaluate
their growth performance. Temperature and months of storage had a decreasing influence on
garlic genotypes. PG-18 was found to be a promising genotype irrespective of temperature
storage conditions due to its better performance than other genotypes in morphological
properties prior to storage such as bulb diameter (4.5cm), neck diameter (2.7cm), bulbing
ratio (0.6), bulb’s fresh weight (28.7g) and dry weight (17.5g), number of cloves per bulb
(24.3). PG-18 also retained maximum biochemical composition till end of storage such as
total phenols (10.5 mg/g DW), flavonoids (0.59 mg/g DW), ascorbic acid (5.70 mg/g DW),
total soluble sugars (17.25 mg/g DW) and reducing sugars (12.71 mg/g DW). Also, genotype
PG-18 had highest germination percentage (66.93%), maximum vigour index II (2580) and
highest survival percentage (66.45%). Room temperature storage was found to be the
optimum storage condition for garlic bulbs as garlic of room temperature performed better
than other temperature stored garlic by the end of storage in case of compactness, bulb’s fresh
weight (14.86g) and dry weight (8.86g), total phenols (10.46 mg/g DW), ascorbic acid (5.12
mg/g DW) and total soluble sugars (11.88 mg/g DW). Also, room temperature stored garlic,
on subjecting to germination, had highest germination percentage (77.01%) and survival
percentage (88.40%), maximum vigour index II (2717) and more plant fresh weight (51.40g) ,
dry weight (21.49g) and height (69.72 cm) than 15°C garlic.