Investigations on intervarietal F2 hybrids in cowpea
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Date
1981
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Department of Agricultural Botany, College of Horticulture Vellanikkara, Trichur
Abstract
Ccwpea (Vlgna ungiculata) Is the major pulse crop
cultivated in Kerala where the average yield of pulses in
general and Cowpea in particular is very low even under modern
agronomic practices* This low productivity is mainly due to the
absence of high yielding varieties suited for the different
agro-climatic conditions. The varietal requirements in Cowpea,
in the state vary because of the highly contrasting system of
cultivation and this compels Cowpea breeders to evolve varieties
of different combinations of plant, pod and seed characters,
This is possible by producing different varieties combining the
desirable attributes required for the diverse situations by
suitable means. One of the ways by which, this can be achieved
is through combination breeding in which desirable genes are
pooled frcra different sources*
In a previous study conducted in the Department of
Agricultural Botany, the 202 genotypes v/ere grouped into 17
distinct clusters. Representing 15 clusters, 15 varieties were
chosen for intervarietal hybridisation and their F^'s evaluated
during 1979-80,
Seeds collected from the plants of the 16 Intervariota]
crosses along with their parents were used for the study. Two
families In each of the 16 crosses were studied along with their
respective parents for the pattern of inheritance of 15 economic
characters. Most of the characters were found to be inherited
as quantitative characters controlled by either polygenes or by
a few major genes with their action being suitably modified by
minor genes.
The crosses 5 x 15 (g p .p l s . 139 x p .118) and 6 X 8 (Red
Seeded Selection X Kolingipayar) were identified as suitable
ones for grain - production and also for using as dual purpose
Cowpea culture since they might throw segregants best suited to
those purposes. For the specialised system of Cot/pea culture
practised in summer rice fallows exclusively for vegetable
purpose, the crosses 14 X 16 (Pannithodan-early X Kolingipayarwhite),
17 X 16 (Mancheri-black X Kolingipayar^hite) and 10 X 6
(IC. 20729 X Red Seeded Selection) appeared to be the Ideal ones*
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MSc
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Citation
T-101