Studies on variability and management of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense isolates causing Panama wilt of banana
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Date
2019
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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur
Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the most important fruit crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical region throughout the world. Panama wilt incited by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense TR4 strain B2 was first time identified in Dwarf Cavendish group of banana cultivar by sending culture to Agharkar Research Institute, Pune. Panama wilt of banana incited by TR4 was found only in Koshi belt, whereas Race 1 and Race 2 of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense were present in Vaishali belt and this belt was found free from TR4 strain B2 during course of investigation. Inoculum mixed with sterilize soil @ 5% w/w (T5) was found most effective among all the tested inoculation techniques. The cv. FHIA-17 (AAAA) showed some level of tolerance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense TR 4 strain B2under sick plot condition during 2017-18 and 2018-19.
Fourteen different fungicide and novel chemicals were tested in vitro as well as in vivo conditions. Native (Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25%) was found to exhibit 100% inhibition in vitro, whereas in pot conditions 86.2% inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense TR 4 strain B2 in cultivar Alpan (AAB) was observed. Aqueous extract of Garlic creeper (Adenocalymma alliaceum) was found superior among all the tested botanical extracts, while among bio-agents, Trichoderma viride (Native) was found most effective against the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense TR 4 strain B2.
For integrated management of Panama wilt of banana incited by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense TR4 strain B2, the maximum inhibition of percent wilt index (93.1%) and percent vascular wilt index (93.4%) were observed in T12 (dipping roots of TC planting materials in Nativo (tebuconazole 50%+trifloxystrobin 25%) (0.2%) for 45 minutes followed by soil drenching with help of Nativo (tebuconazole 50%+trifloxystrobin 25%) (0.2%)@150 ml/pit +Garlic creeper (10%)@ 100 ml/pit and soil application of 50g BCA (Trichoderma viride(107)+Trichoderma harzianum(107)in1:1ratio) at 2nd 4th and 6th and 0, 3rd, 5th and 7th month after planting respectively . The next best treatment was T11 (dipping roots of TC planting materials in Nativo (tebuconazole 50%+trifloxystrobin 25%) (0.2%) for 45 minutes followed by soil drenching with Nativo (tebuconazole 50%+trifloxystrobin 25%) (0.2%)@150 ml/pit +soil application of 50 g BCA (Trichoderma viride (107)+Trichoderma harzianum(107)in1:1ratio) at 2nd 4th and 6th and 0, 3rd, 5th and 7th month after planting with more than 90% inhibition of wilt index and vascular wilt index .However difference between T11 and T12 was non- significant .