EFFECT OF ORGANIC BASED NITROGEN MANAGEMENT ON YIELD, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND SOIL HEALTH UNDER RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM IN CALCAREOUS SOIL OF BIHAR
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Date
2023
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Dr.RPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
A field investigation was carried out at University Research Farm,
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar in randomized block design comprising of twelve treatments T1 (75% RDN), T2 (100% RDN), T3 (125% RDN), T4 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + BM), T5 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer), T6 (100% RDN + Myco Straw @ 1 t/ha + BM + Biofertilizer), T7 (75% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + BM), T8 (75% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM), T9 (75% RDN + Myco Straw @ 1 t/ha + BM + Bio Fertilizer), T10 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha), T11 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha + BM + Bio fertilizer), T12 (Control) and were replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture having slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 8.43), low in organic carbon (0.42%), low in available nitrogen (242 kg/ha), available phosphorus (9.61 kg/ha) and potassium (76.43 kg/ha). Recommended dose of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (120:60:40 kg/ha) were applied through urea, DAP and MOP, respectively, phosphorous and potassium were applied as basal during both the experimental years. Nitrogen was applied 50% as basal and remaining in two equal splits. Rajendra Kasturi and HD 2967 variety of rice and wheat, respectively were used. Among the organic based nitrogen management practices treatment, 100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer (T5) recorded significantly higher value of all the crop growth parameters during both the years which was statistically at par with all the treatments except T12 (Control) of rice. In case of wheat, significantly higher value of growth characters were recorded with application of Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha + BM + Bio fertilizer (T11) which was statistically at par with T10 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha) and T5 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer) while remaining significantly superior over rest of the treatments during both the experimental years. Yield attributes and yield of wheat showed superiority with application of (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha + BM +Bio fertilizer (T11) which was statistically at par with T10 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha) and T5 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer) while remaining significantly superior over rest of the treatments during both the experimental years. Organics resulted in pronounced impact on yield and yield attributes of rice-wheat cropping system. Application of 100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer (T5) produced higher value of yield attributes and yield during both the experimental years which was statistically at par with T8 (75% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM) and T4 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + BM) but significantly higher over rest of the treatments. Among the treatments, application of T3 (125% RDN) recorded significantly higher nutrient content in rice grain and straw which was statistically at par with all the treatment except for T1 (75% RDN) and T12 (Control) during both the years. Application of T5 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer) recorded significantly higher nutrient uptake (N, P and K) by grain, straw as well as total, which was statistically at par with almost all the treatments except for T1, T2 and T12, during both the experimental years. In case of wheat, significantly higher nutrient uptake (N, P and K) by grain, straw as well as total uptake were significantly higher under application of Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha + BM +Bio fertilizer (T11) which was statistically at par with T10 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha) and T5 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer) while remaining higher over rest of the treatments during both the experimental years. Application of T2 (100% RDN) reported higher net returns and benefit: cost ratio of rice. In case of wheat, significantly higher gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio were calculated under application of T11 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha + BM +Bio fertilizer) which was statistically at par with T10 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha) and T5 (100% RDN + Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + BM + Biofertilizer) but it was statistically superior over rest of the treatments during both the experimental years. Among the treatments application of T11 (Wheat Straw (WS) @ 3 t/ha + VC (25% N) + Myco Straw @ 1.5 t/ha + BM + Bio fertilizer) significantly improved physico-chemical properties of soil after completion of rice-wheat cropping system.