Productivity assessment and molecular marker cataloguing for vernalization and photoperiod genes in winter x spring wheat derivatives
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
It is imperative to provide economic and ecological alternative to burning for managing the rice residues. In-situ management of rice residue (retention or incorporation) has potential to solve this issue. It is hypothesized that if wheat sowing is done in rice residue than an early planting needs to be followed which will utilize the residual soil moisture of rice along with forgoing the pre-sowing irrigation. The rice stubble will act as mulch and conserve the moisture as well as control weeds. This solution however, requires a new ecology for wheat crop. We need such genotype of wheat that can be planted early and having both early and terminal heat tolerance while flowering at the appropriate time. For this, we need optimum combination of Vrn and Ppd genes that regulate flowering time in wheat cultivar. At PAU we have European winter wheat germplasm that was hybridized with local spring wheat cultivars. BC1F5 lines (480 progenies) developed, were used in this study. During the first year the lines were evaluated for key yield traits and were also haplotyped for the vernalization and photoperiod allele. The Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1, Ppd-A1 and Ppd-D1 alleles were amplified using polymerase chain reaction. The final 60 selected progenies have the haplotypes viz, vaaa (17), vava (15), vaab (1), vvaa (2), vvva (24) and one having vvvb. During 2018-19 evaluation of lines with known allelic combinations of Vrn and Ppd genes was undertaken under two sowing times early (15-20 October 2018) and timely (25-30 October 2018). The highest yield was obtained under happy seeder early sown followed by PAU Timely sown. Happy seeder timely sown (HSTS) shown reduced yield followed by Gurdaspur early sown (GDPES) and Gurdaspur timely sown (GDPTS). The location interaction clearly indicated that the set of germplasm tested had a distinct advantage under Happy seeder conditions.
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