EFFECT OF ORGANICS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF TURMERIC (Curcuma longa.L) cv. TALL CLONE
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Date
2017-07
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AAU, Jorhat
Abstract
An experiment was carried out at the Instructional cum Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, B.N. College of Agriculture, AAU, Biswanath Chariali during 2016-17 to study the “Effect of organics on growth, yield and quality of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) cv. Tall Clone”. Experiment was laid out in an organic block where experiment was continued last two years (15.02.2014 to 15.02.2016) under NICRA, All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture, BNCA. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design with seven treatments replicated four times. The treatments were T1: Recommended dose of fertilizer, T2: In-situ incorporation of Dhaincha, T3: FYM @ 10 t ha-1, T4: Enriched compost ≈ FYM @ 10 t ha-1 in the furrow at planting, T5: Vermicompost ≈ FYM @ 10 t ha-1+ Microbial consortia as slurry for treatment of rhizome at planting, T6: Microbial consortia as slurry for treatment of rhizome with vermiwash (1:7) + vermiwash spray (1:7) every month up to seven months of planting, T7: FYM @ 10 t ha-1+ Microbial consortia as slurry for treatment of rhizome at planting. Healthy rhizomes were planted in each plot with spacing of 45cm x 25cm in 4th week of April 2016. The treatments positively responded to the manures in respect to morphological, Physiological and yield attributing characters. Among all the treatment, the recommended dose of fertilizer (T1) registered highest plant height (167.23 cm), number of leaves per plant (23.46), number of tillers per plant (3.90), leaf area of a single leaf (648.33cm2), leaf area per plant (15209.82cm2), leaf area index (12.42), Chlorophyll content index (32.14) and they were followed by treatment T7 and T4, these parameters were lowest in treatment T6. The highest light intensity of (77.50 105 lux) was observed in treatment T6. On the other hand, the highest number of mother rhizome (2.15), number of primary rhizome (6.54), number of secondary rhizome (16.79), number of tertiary rhizome (6.12), length of mother rhizome (11.16cm), length of finger rhizome (11.35), girth of mother rhizome (6.62cm), girth of finger rhizome (3.57cm), fresh weight of rhizome (424.25 g), dry weight of rhizome (72.08 g), and yield (335.25 q ha-1) were highest in T1 which were followed by T7 and T4 and these parameters were lowest in treatment T6. The results revealed that the curing per cent and curcumin content was significantly influenced by different treatments. Amongst all the treatments (T7) showed better performance in terms of curing percentage (18.09%) and curcumin content (3.62%). No serious pests and diseases were observed in the experimental plot during the course of experiment. The treatment T5 showed the maximum soil PH of 5.50 while treatment T1 exhibited the maximum organic carbon (0.90%), available soil N (328.16 kg ha-1), P2O5 (36.28 kg ha-1) and K2O (215.17 kg ha-1). Soil moisture content showed highest of 14.22% in T7 and the maximum moisture content was recorded in the month of July. Studies on economics of production showed that the maximum benefit: cost ratio of 3.15 was obtained in the treatment T7. From the present investigation, it can be concluded that after three years of cultivation organic manures (T7 and T4) could also perform equally with inorganic fertilizers in terms of growth and yield rather, perform better than inorganic in respect of quality of turmeric and was found to be optimum for economic cultivation of turmeric.