Genetic Variability and Improvement Studies in Gladiolus (Gladiolus Hybrids Hort.)
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Date
2013
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UAS Dharwad
Abstract
The present investigation aimed towards flower quality improvement in two cultivars
viz., Ethyl Cav Cole and White Prosperity of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.) through
induced mutagenesis using physical mutagens, gamma rays (10 Gy, 20 Gy and 30 Gy) and
chemicals (EMS- 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75%) as well as diversity analysis of thirty gladiolus
hybrids was undertaken during 2009 - 2012 at Department of Horticulture, UAS, Dharwad.
Mutagenic treatment with EMS 0.25% and 0.50% and gamma rays at 10 Gy and 20 Gy
showed that the mean values indicated lesser reduction of vegetative and flower characters at
lower doses vis a vis. Moderate to high PCV and GCV estimates were recorded for corm weight,
corm diameter, number of leaves per plant, plant height, days to spike initiation at 0.50% EMS
and 20 Gy treated mutant populations. Rest of the characters showed moderate to low values.
High heritability estimates along with moderate genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance over
mean were observed for all characters. In Ethyl Cav Cole and White Prosperity mutant
populations, spike length had significant positive most of the characters at 0.5% EMS and 20 Gy
gamma treated populations. The superior mutants identified for spike length were EC-20-40
(79.55cm), EC-0.50-19 (78.54 cm), WP-20-13 (93.00 cm) and WP-0.25-24 (91.50 cm) from
mutant populations of both varieties.
Genetic diversity study indicated that among the 17 characters studied, indicated that thirty
genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters and among them, cluster I was the largest with 9
genotypes followed by cluster II (7), IV (6) and cluster III with 3 genotypes. Genetic diversity at
molecular level estimated by using RAPD showed that, out of twenty primers used for the study,
OPAT 06 (47.00%), OPC 09 (47.00%) and OPB 08 (46.00%) showed highest per cent
polymorphism.