Diagnosis Evaluation and Therapeutic Management of Bacterial Respiratory Tract Infections in Cattle
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Date
2023-03-17
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu (J&K)
Abstract
The present study was carried on cattle brought to Veterinary Clinical Complex of F.V.Sc and A.H, R.S. Pura and adjoining areas of R.S. Pura. Total 311 cattle were examined, out of which 38 cattle were affected by bacterial respiratory disease. The aim of the study was to find occurrence and therapeutic management of bacterial respiratory tract infections in cattle. The study revealed that occurrence of respiratory disease with bacterial involvement was 12.21 per cent with highest occurrence in age group of 3-7 years, gender wise females showed more occurrence and season wise highest occurrence was recorded in monsoon season. The prominent clinical signs observed in bovine respiratory disease with bacterial involvement were respiratory distress, anorexia, nasal discharges, congested conjunctival mucous membrane, muzzle dryness, cough, oral breathing and sneezing. The physical examination revealed dyspnoea, tachycardia, tachypnoea, pyrexia, crackles and wheezes. Haematological study revealed leukocytosis and neutrophilia. Serum biochemical profile observed increase in total protein and AST level. Thoracic radiography revealed interstitial pattern and mixed pattern (27.27 per cent), followed by nodular pattern and bronchial pattern (18.18 per cent) and alveolar pattern (9.09 per cent). Staphylococcus spp. was the most predominant bacteria, followed by E.coli spp., Pasteurella multocida, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus spp and other infection. The Comparative cellular profile of tracheal aspirates in diseased cattle showed a significant increase in neutrophils. Blood gas analysis of diseased animals revealed respiratory acidosis with significant increase in pCO₂ and significant decrease in PO₂ levels. Enrofloxacin (88.18%) was found to be most sensitive antibiotic followed by Ceftriaxone/ Tazobactam (74.14%) on antimicrobial sensitivity test. Post treatment haematobiochemical parameters returned towards normal range (7th day) in both treatment groups. However, 60% of Pasteurella affected cattle recovered with ceftiofur.
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