Nutritional and feeding management strategies on performance, nutrient utilization and gut health in weaned crossbred pigs
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Date
2022-03
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College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of prebiotic, probiotic,
lysine and methionine supplementation in diets with two level of protein on growth
performance, nutrient utilization, feed conversion efficiency, biochemical parameters and
gut health in weaned growing pig in a 90 days trail.
A total of 30 piglets of crossed bred pig of average 18.38 ± 0.93 kg body weight
of about three months of age irrespective of sex were selected from KVK, Darrang,
AAU, Mangaldai-784125 which were bred, born and raised at the farm maintained under
KVK, Darrang. The piglets were randomly allotted to five treatments of six piglets in
each group on the basis of body weight. Hence, five experimental treatment groups were
the T0 (Basal Diets), T1 (Basal Diets, commercial MOS 0.3%, Probiotic 40 g/100kg feed,
2.5 X 109 CFU/ gm), T2 (Basal Diets, extracted MOS 0.3% and Probiotic 40 g/100kg
feed, CFU/ gm 2.5 X 109), T3 (Basal Diets, commercial MOS 0.3%, Probiotic 40
g/100kg feed, CFU/ gm 2.5 X 109 , lysine 0.3% and methionine 0.1%) and T4 (Basal
Diets, extracted MOS 0.3%, Probiotic 40 g/100kg feed, CFU/ gm 2.5 X 109 , lysine 0.3%
and methionine 0.1%) in a randomized complete block design. The basal diet was
prepared as per the recommendation of ICAR-2013.
The average DM intake (kg/100 kg BW) was 4.57±0.02, 4.14±0.01, 4.31±0.02,
4.02±0.01 and 4.38±0.01 for T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The difference of
average DM intake (kg/100kg BW) was statistically significant P˂ 0.001 among the
control and treatment groups. Average daily body weight gain (gm/day) were 217.67 ±
5.10, 249.11 ± 4.52, 244.26 ± 3.52, 258.59 ± 3.21 and 255.78 ± 5.55 for T0, T1, T2, T3
and T4, respectively. Average daily body weight gain (gm/day) showed significant
differences (P˂ 0.05) amongst the groups. The average feed conversion ratio were 5.53 ±
0.28, 4.65 ± 0.35, 4.79 ± 0.26, 4.40 ± 0.28 and 4.81 ± 0.29 for T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4
respectively where significant difference (P<0.05) existed among the groups.
The digestibility coefficient of DM, OM, EE, Total carbohydrate, NDF and ADF
did not differ (P˃0.05) significantly among the treatment groups but digestibility
coefficient of CP differed (P˂ 0.05) significantly among groups. N-retention (%) of
different groups were 76.33 ± 0.78, 80.93 ± 0.05, 82.39 ± 0.54, 79.38 ± 0.63 and 80.51 ±
0.48 for T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups, respectively; there was significant difference
(P˂0.01) among groups. There was no significant difference (P˂ 0.05) in Ca and P
retention (%) in different groups but there was significant difference (P˂0.01) in fecal
ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) concentration.
In respect of fecal microbial count, E. coli count (log10cfu/g) was significantly
different (P˂ 0.05) among groups and minimum was recorded in T4 and T3 group. The
fecal TVC (log10cfu/g) count was highest in T4 group followed by T3 and T2 group. The
concentrations of total serum protein and blood cholesterol were found within normal
physiological range in all experimental groups. There was significant difference
(P˂ 0.05) in respect of blood glucose, blood albumin, blood globulin and blood Albumin:
Globulin ratio.
Feed cost (Rs.) per kg gain was 102.85, 97.30, 101.91, 91.90 and 96.35 for
control group (T0) and treatment groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4), respectively. Highest profit
(in terms of feed cost/kg gain) was observed in T3 group followed by T2 group of
crossbred pig in comparison to other groups. Thus it can be concluded that
supplementation of prebiotic, probioctic, lysine and methionine in diet in growing pig @
0.3%, 40 g/100kg feed (2.5 X 109 CFU/ gm), 0.3% and 0.1% may be recommended in
terms of growth and economic of production.