Agronomic biofortification of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with zinc and iron

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dc.contributor.advisorGuriqbal Singh
dc.contributor.authorVajinder Pal
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-14T04:54:35Z
dc.date.available2018-10-14T04:54:35Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractThe investigation entitled, “Agronomic biofortification of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with zinc and iron” was conducted at the Research Farm of Pulses Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during Rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17. The soil of the experimental site was loamy sand in texture with normal soil reaction and electrical conductivity, low in organic carbon & available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus, potassium, zinc and iron. Under the present investigation, three experiments were conducted and laid out in randomized complete block design replicated three times using the chickpea variety PBG 7. The Experiment I, II and III were sown on 7th November, 2015 during first year and 8th November, 2016 during second year. In Experiment I, six zinc application treatments and three urea foliar application treatments were studied. Experiment II had three iron foliar application treatments and three urea foliar application treatments. In Experiment III, twelve treatments consisting of zinc, iron or urea foliar application and their various combinations were studied. The recommended dose of urea @ 40.6 kg ha-1 and single superphosphate @ 125 kg ha-1 was applied at the time of sowing. The nutrients used for foliar treatments in the present study were ZnSO4.7H2O (21% Zn), FeSO4.7H2O (19% Fe) and urea (46% N). In all the experiments 375 litres of water ha-1 was used for each foliar spray. Results revealed that soil application of ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 at sowing + foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% at flowering and pod formation stages resulted in the highest growth parameters, symbiotic parameters, yield attributes, grain yield, net returns, benefit cost ratio, nutrient content and nutrient uptake. The highest concentration of zinc and iron in chickpea grain was also recorded with the soil application of ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% at flowering and pod formation stages (45.1 & 44.7 mg zinc kg-1 and 59.7 & 62.9 mg iron kg-1 in first and second year of study, respectively). In experiment II, foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% at flowering and pod formation stages resulted in the highest growth parameters, symbiotic parameters, yield attributes, grain yield, net returns, benefit cost ratio, nutrient content, nutrient uptake and the highest concentration of zinc (35.1 & 34.2 mg zinc kg-1) and iron (73.5 & 75.3 mg iron kg-1) in chickpea grain. In experiment III, foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% + FeSO4 @ 0.5% + urea @ 2% (individual as well as tank mix) resulted in the highest growth parameters, symbiotic parameters, yield attributes, grain yield, net returns, benefit cost ratio, nutrient content and nutrient uptake. Tank mix application of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% + FeSO4 @ 0.5% + urea @ 2% provided the second highest content of zinc (44.1 & 43.1 mg zinc kg-1) and iron (71.1 & 73.9 mg iron kg-1) in chickpea grain and was equally effective in biofortification of chickpea grain as individual application of these nutrients (45.1 & 45.0 mg zinc kg-1 and 71.4 & 74.2 mg iron kg-1). Therefore, it can be concluded that these treatments improve the nutrient content in chickpea grain and, therefore, can help in removing the micronutrient (zinc and iron) malnutrion in humans.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810081051
dc.keywordsiron, nitrogen, nutrient content, urea, zinc, chickpea, Cicer arietinum L.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.pages205en_US
dc.publisherPunjab Agricultural University, Ludhianaen_US
dc.research.problemAgronomic biofortification of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with zinc and ironen_US
dc.subAgronomyen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeAgronomic biofortification of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with zinc and ironen_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleAgronomic biofortification of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with zinc and ironen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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