Comparative performance evaluation of mechanical transplanting and direct seeding of rice under puddle and unpuddle conditions
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Date
2011
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
Rice is a major crop that is grown in more than 110 countries. The total area planted under rice
in India is 44.0 million hectares which is largest in the world against a total area of 156.6 million
hectares. The total rice production in the world was 650.19 million tonnes out of which 141.13 million
tonnes were produced in India. The average yield of rice in India is 3.20 tonnes/hectare.
The lowest yield of (29.75 q. /ha) was obtained in Zero till-mechanical transplanting (T4) and
the maximum yield (32.67 q./ha) was obtained in Unpuddle-mechanical transplanting (T5.). Economic
of rice cultivation under different crop establishment techniques is presented in the Table 4.6. The
rental value of the land is assumed to remain the same offset the price fluctuation. The gross returns of
T4 and T2 (Zero till-direct seeded rice without residues) were found less as compared to other
treatments. The lowest and highest net returns were found to be Rs.5314 (T7) and Rs.16090 (T3) with
per hectare, respectively. The height benefit cost ratio was obtained as 1.27 and 1.30 for T2 and T3,
respectively. The lowest benefit cost ratio was obtained as 1.08 and 1.16 for T7 and T4, respectively. A
comparison between transplanting treatments T4 & T5 (unpuddled field) and T6 & T7 (puddle field)
clearly shows that any attempt to switch from the irrigating practice of transplanting under puddle
conditions to transplanting under unpuddled conditions will require additional water applications i.e.,
the water applied in transplanted treatments with unpuddled field was more than 20 cm than that
applied under puddled field conditions. It is also important to note that the fields of study were
historically under puddle transplanted conditions. It is assumed that there may be slight effect of
previous years puddling on the infiltration rate of the soil. Consequently, the water required for
unpuddled field is expected to be even more than what was observed under this study.
Description
Keywords
Rice, Planting equipment, Sowing, Land resources, Costs, Puddling, Irrigation, Crops, Planting, Mechanization