Mutagen induced genetic variability for heat tolerance and stability analysis in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
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Date
2019
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The present study entitled, " Mutagen induced genetic variability for heat tolerance and stability analysis in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)” was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. 25 genotypes of French were planted in randomized block design in three locations viz. PAU Ludhiana, USF, Usman, Tarn Taran and KVK, Kheri, Sangrur during spring season of 2017 and 2018 for stability analysis. The mean squares for genotypes were highly significant for all the characters under study. Highly significant mean squares for environments and genotype x environment interaction were recorded for all the traits except pod width and protein content. The linear component of genotype x environment interaction was also significant for all the traits. The highest green pod yield per plant was recorded in genotype Arka Suvidha (123.72g) followed by Arka Anoop (123.00g), Falguni (111.56g), Arka Sharath (111.22g) and FB-3-16(103.61g) which produced significantly more green pod yield than check Contender (99.17 g). Genotype FB VAR-5 was identified suitable for growing under favorable environments while genotypes viz. Arka Sharath, Arka Suvidha, Falguni, FB 2-16 and Swran Priya were found promising for unfavorable environments. The genotype Arka Anoop was stable in all environments. In terms of environments KVK, Kheri, Sangrur 2017 was the most representative. All the environments were positively correlated for yield and its associated characters. In an another experiment mutagen induced genetic variability for heat tolerance, two varieties „Arka Suvidha‟ and „Falguni‟ were treated by chemical ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) at different concentrations @ (0.15%, 0.25% and 0.35%). The EMS treated seeds of both varieties were assessed during M1 and M2 generation. In M2 generation, half of seeds were sown during February 2018 and remaining half were sown during March 2018. The germination percentage in M1 generation decreased with the increase concentration of EMS both in laboratory and field conditions due to lethal effect of chemical mutagen on the germination. The variety Arka Suvidha and Falguni produced several heat tolerant mutants for days to flowering, number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant during February and March sown crops. The genotype Arka Suvidha showed less stress due to high temperature and gave more green pod and seed yield per plant. The maximum numbers of mutants were observed in lower EMS concentration (0.15%) during February and March sown crops as compared to higher EMS concentration (0.25 and 0.35%). Thus application of lower concentration of EMS has been recommended for crop improvement purposes in French bean through mutation.
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