Effect of some insecticides on development and survival of trichogramma chilonis ishii
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Date
2011
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
Investigations were carried out to assess the toxicity of insecticides endosulfan, imidacloprid,
spinosad, triazophos, thiodicarb, novaluron and azadirachtin on various biological parameters of
Trichogramma chilonis Ishii. The bioassay studies under laboratory conditions were carried out to
determine the toxicity of these insecticides on parasitisation, adult emergence, adult longevity and sexratio
of T. chilonis. Laboratory studies were also carried out to determine their effect on various
immature stages of T. chilonis within the host eggs of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton. Studies were also
carried out to assess their residual effect under laboratory and field conditions. Spinosad was found to
be the most toxic in all the laboratory studies followed by triazophos. Spinosad resulted in only 17.80
per cent parasitization and 3.97 per cent adult emergence from the eggs treated before parasitization.
Novaluron was found to be the safest resulting in 58.93 per cent parasitization and 89.72 per cent adult
emergence from the eggs treated before parasitization. The parasitization in other insecticides ranged
from 20.00 to 40.47 per cent. Spinosad was also found highly toxic to all the immature stages resulting
in only 0.46, 0.66 and 0.65 per cent adult emergence from the egg, larval and pupal stages,
respectively, while novaluron was found to be safe to all the immature stages resulting in 86.75, 87.84
and 87.46 per cent adult emergence from the egg, larval and pupal stages, respectively. The adult
emergence in other insecticides ranged from 57.95 to 88.63 per cent from egg stage, 53.97 to 87.12 per
cent from larval stage and 61.46 to 87.15 per cent from pupal stage. In residual toxicity studies under
laboratory conditions only novaluron was found to be safe while all the other insecticides remained
toxic even up to 15 days of preparation of film while residual toxicity studies under field conditions
resulted in the recommendation of minimum waiting period of 10 days for endosulfan, imidacloprid
and azadirachtin and 15 days for thiodicarb while it was more than 15 days for spinosad and
triazophos. Novaluron remained safe even from the first day of the spray and hence can be safely
integrated with inundative releases of the parasitoid.
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Keywords
Milk products, Animal husbandry, Livestock, Proteins, Dna, Electrophoresis, Pcr, Alleles, Genes, Productivity