Studies on canopy management in pear
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Date
2018
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigations “Studies on canopy management in pear” were conducted at Fruit Research Farm, PAU, Ludhiana during the years 2016 and 2017. Pear plants (cvs. Patharnakh, Punjab Beauty, Punjab Soft) trained on Espalier, Cordon and Y-trellis training systems were evaluated for eco-physiological, fruit quality and production parameters. In 1st experiment, photosynthesis efficiency of leaves was high in plants trained on Espalier system with maximum PAR and followed by Y-trellis system. Efficiency of eco-physiological parameters in pear cultivars was higher in the upper and middle canopy portions as compared to lower canopy portions irrespective of various trellis training systems. Spur formation, flower bud density and relative pattern of fruiting were also higher in middle and upper canopy portions. Vegetative growth in terms of trunk cross sectional area was higher in plants trained on Espalier and Y-trellis system. Larger size fruits were harvested from plants trained on Cordon system but with less TSS, fruit acidity and firmness whereas highest TSS and fruit acidity was found under Espalier system. Smaller size fruits with maximum fruit firmness were found under Y-trellis system. Fruit yield and production efficiency was highest in plants trained on Espalier system of pear cv. Patharnakh. In pear cvs. Punjab Beauty and Punjab Soft, yield related parameters were alike under Espalier and Y-trellis system. In 2nd experiment, plant growth regulators; BA (400, 600, 800 ppm), BA (600 ppm) + GA3 (200, 400, 600 ppm) and heading back treatments (60, 75 and 90 cm from ground level) were applied on one-year-old pear plants to promote feathering. Maximum feathering and mean crotch angle of feathers with main axis in pear cultivars were recorded with the application of BA (400 ppm and 600 ppm) whereas minimum feathering was recorded under headed plants at 90 cm. Vegetative growth and foliar nutrient status of pear plants improved by the application of plant growth regulators as compared to heading of plants at different heights.
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