STUDIES ON EPIDEMIOLOGY, HEMATOBIOCHEMISTRY AND SEROPREVALENCE OF PIROPLASMOSIS IN HORSES
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Date
2015
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Publisher
AAU, Anand
Abstract
Horses (Equus caballus) belong to the family Equidae. Equine demography of
India reveals 41% population distribution of horses and ponies and 59% of mules and
donkeys. Total Indian equine population is 1.77 million (NRCE, 2011), which includes
defined Indian horse breeds and Non-descript horses. Equine piroplasmosis caused by
Theileria equi and Babesia caballi is an economically important hemoprotozoan
disease of horses in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. In 1976, the equine
piroplasmosis was reported in an outbreak form in imported horses and recorded 50.1%
and 49.76% incidence in North-West India by CAT & Dot-ELISA. National serosurveillance
analysis at NRCE has revealed 28.58% of overall seroprevalence of T. equi
from India. The latent infection is common in non-descript equids of India. These
animals act as nucleus for maintaining as well as spreading the infection through vector
ticks. Thus the diagnosis of sub-clinical infection is of more relevance as these animals
can remain carriers to the T. equi parasite throughout their life span. These latently
infected animals may exhibit low performance following physical, immunological or
mental stress due to the flare-up of underlying parasitemia leading to clinical form of
the disease condition.
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Keywords
veterinary science, veterinary medicine, study