Management of nutrients and crop residue in rice-potatowheat cropping system

Rose Maria Paul

Management of nutrients and crop residue in rice-potatowheat cropping system

Date

2024

Authors

Rose Maria Paul

Publisher

Punjab Agricultural University

Abstract

The present study entitled “Management of nutrients and crop residue in rice-potato-wheat cropping system” was conducted at Students’ Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during 2022-23. The research was conducted in a split plot design having three main plot treatments and four subplot treatments with three replications. The main plot treatments included rice + wheat + potato residue + FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1, rice residue + FYM @ 25 t ha-1 and without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1. The subplot treatments included 75% RDN & P, 75% RDN, 50% RDN & P and 50% RDN. The growth parameters of wheat such as plant height, dry matter accumulation and the number of tillers m-2 were significantly higher with treatment without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1 than the rice + wheat + potato residue + FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1. The treatment 75% RDN & P resulted significantly higher growth parameters than 50% RDN but at par with 75% RDN and 50% RDN & P. Similarly, the yield attributes such as number of spikes, spike length, number of spikelets spike -1 and number of grains spike-1 were significantly more with without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1. 75% RDN & P had the highest results for yield attributes of wheat but was at par with 75% RDN and 50% RDN & P. The grain yield and harvest index of wheat were significantly higher with without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1. Furthermore, there was a 14.25% and 11.1% increase in grain yield over the rice + wheat + potato residue+ FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 and rice residue + FYM @ 25 t ha-1 treatments respectively. However, the treatments had non-significant on quality parameters of wheat. The NPK uptake by grains was significantly more with treatment without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1 compared to rice + wheat + potato residue + FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1. Additionally, the grain NPK uptake was significantly higher with 75% RDN & P compared to 50% RDN but at par with 75% RDN and 50% RDN & P. The micronutrient content in grain and straw such as Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu was significantly higher as a result of the treatment without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1. However, the different levels of nutrient application had a non-significant effect on micronutrient content in grains. Furthermore, the soil parameters such as pH, EC and organic C were also unaffected by the treatments however, there was an increment in the organic C over the initial years. The soil available NPK was significantly higher with the treatment without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1 compared to rice + wheat + potato residue + FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 whereas only soil N & P was significantly affected by the fertilizer treatments 75% RDN & P. Additionally, the soil micronutrients such as Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu was significantly more with without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1 compared to rice + wheat + potato residue + FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1. Potato crop, treatment without residue + 100 RDF + FYM @ 50 t ha-1 demonstrated the highest growth parameters such as plant height, DMA, number of haulms plant-1 and yield and the yield attributing factors like the number of tubers plant-1 and tuber weight and protein and starch content but the difference were non-significant compared to other treatments. Similarly, the treatments had a non-significant effect on the rice. Nevertheless, the treatment without residue + FYM @ 50 t ha-1 demonstrated higher results for growth parameters and yield and yield attributing characters of rice.

Citation

Rose Maria Paul (2024). Management of nutrients and crop residue in rice-potatowheat cropping system (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.