Studies on diversification and intensification of traditional rice-wheat cropping system under irrigated condition
| dc.contributor.advisor | Pathak, Sushil Kumar | |
| dc.contributor.author | Singh, Durgesh | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-12-17T07:47:55Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-12-17T07:47:55Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-03-19 | |
| dc.description.abstract | A field experiment entitled “Studies on diversification and intensification of traditional rice-wheat cropping system under irrigated condition” was studied in an ongoing trial of AICRP at Bihar Agricultural College, Farm, Sabour during 2017-18 and 2018-19. Bihar Agricultural College, Sabour is situated at sub-urban area of Bhagalpur city on latitude of 25° 50’ N and longitude 87° 19’ E with an altitude of 37.19 meters above the mean sea level under Gangetic plains of India. The centre is situated under Agro-Climatic Zone III-A (NARP Zone of the State) having diverged type of topographic features, soils, climate, flora and fauna. Sabour, Bhagalpur has a sub - tropical climate characterized with dry summer, comparatively cool rainy season followed by moderate winter. The average annual rainfall of the locality is around 1250 mm of which 75-80 per cent is received during monsoon months (June to October). Soil of the experimental field was loam in texture, soil is slightly saline in reaction (pH 7.61), low organic carbon (0.45 %), with low available N, medium P2O5 and K2O (237, 24.46 and 226.02 kg ha-1, respectively). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Total nine cropping sequences were taken to constitute treatments for different intensification of rice-based cropping system viz., Rice -wheat - fallow, rice - wheat (ZT) - mungbean (ZT), rice - maize + vegetable pea (ZT) - sorghum + cowpea (F), rice - potato + radish - mungbean (G+R), rice - cabbage + coriander leaf - sesamum, rice - fababean (ZT)- okra, rice - berseem - maize + cowpea (F), rice - mustard - mungbean (G+R) and rice -chickpea + linseed (ZT) - maize (green cob & F). With a view to avoid mixing of soil, individual plot was thoroughly prepared in each season. Cultivation practices were followed as per recommendation. The practice of weeding was applied after recording data on weed population. Impact of different cropping systems followed during the kharif, rabi and zaid season was found non-significant on growth and yield of rice, however, rabi and zaid crops (including intercrops) are significantly affected by them. Significantly highest rice equivalent yield of 23.34 t ha-1 was produced by rice - potato + radish - mungbean (G+R) system. This system also provides highest net return of Rs. 2,82,835 ha-1 and additional net return of Rs. 1,45,457 ha-1 with 300 % cropping intensity over rice-wheat system. Being at par with rice - cabbage + coriander leaf - sesamum cropping system, this system was found significantly superior and generated almost 105 % more profit over rice - wheat system. Production efficiency, economic efficiency and employment generation efficiency of any diversified system is a direct measure of its prefer ability in any area as these indicate the employment for farming community for a given period of time. The system productivity (63.95 kg ha-1day-1) and system profitability (774.89 Rs ha-1day-1) was distinctly highest under the rice - potato + radish - mungbean (G+R) cropping system. However, system profitability of rice - cabbage + coriander leaf - sesamum and rice - maize + vegetable pea - sorghum + cowpea (F) system was also found at par. Rice - potato + radish - mungbean (G+R) cropping system was observed significantly higher in relative production efficiency (129.64 %) and relative economic efficiency (106.65 %) while, rice - maize + vegetable pea - sorghum + cowpea and rice - cabbage + coriander leaf - sesamum system was found at par in terms of relative economic efficiency. Further, this system with higher monetary returns provided more employment to labourers (335 mandays ha-1 year-1) and generated 55.10 % more employment than that of traditional rice - wheat cropping system. Significantly higher energy productivity of 407.04 g MJ-1 was also recorded in rice - cabbage + coriander leaf - sesamum system. Hence, on the basis of two years’ data it may be concluded that intensification and diversification of rice -wheat system by rice - potato + radish - mungbean (G+R) system (B:C ratio-2.02) at 300 % cropping intensity considered as the economic viable option for resource rich farmers while, rice - maize + vegetable pea - sorghum + cowpea (B:C ratio- 2.39) and rice - cabbage + coriander leaf - sesamum (B:C ratio- 2.23) for resource poor farmers. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810156835 | |
| dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
| dc.pages | 228 | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Department of Agronomy, BAU, Sabour | en_US |
| dc.sub | Agronomy | en_US |
| dc.theme | Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry | en_US |
| dc.these.type | Ph.D | en_US |
| dc.title | Studies on diversification and intensification of traditional rice-wheat cropping system under irrigated condition | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |