Studies on the nematicidal efficacy of extracts and essential oils of different plants against root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) chitwood
Loading...
Date
2016
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
Detailed investigations were carried out to determine the nematicidal effect of few nematoxic plants viz., turmeric (Curcuma longa), marwatulsi (Origanum majorana), mentha (Mentha arvensis), aonla (Phyllanthus emblica) and jatropha (Jatropha curcas) in the management of Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato at Department of Nematology ,CCSHAU, Hisar. Different extracts viz. aqueous and organic extracts and essential oils of plants were evaluated under in vitro and in vivo conditions for their nematicidal effect on egg hatching and larval mortality of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). All the extracts and essential oils of plants inhibited egg hatchingof Meloidogyne incognita at all dilutions i.e. 1:5 and 1:20 and at each interval of exposure period i.e. 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. Maximum inhibition of egg hatching was found in essential oils followed by ethanolic and acetonic extracts as compared to aqueous extracts. Revival of egg hatching was minimum at 1:5 dilutions of all the extracts and oils .Extracts and oils of all the plants showed larval mortality of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) at all the dilutions tested i.e. 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:40 and 1:80 after 48 hours of exposure. However, highest larval mortality was exhibited by mentha oil at 1:5 dilution after 48 hours of exposure followed by turmeric oil at the same dilution. The immobilized larvae after 48 hours exposure to essential oils of plants at 1:5 dilution did not revive even after exposure to distilled water for 24 hours. Effect of chopped leaves and aqueous extracts of different plants on growth characters of tomato and multiplication of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) was evaluated under screen-house conditions. The results revealed that in general chopped leaves of all the plants at both the doses i.e
20 g and 30 g/kg soil improved all the plant growth parameters of tomato viz., shoot length, fresh shoot weight , root weight , dry shoot and root weight . Number of galls , number of egg masses and final nematode population in soil were reduced significantly in treatments involving application of plants leaves @ 20 g and 30 g per kg soil as compared to untreated check. Mentha leaves @ 30 g per kg soil followed by turmeric leaves at same dose were found significantly effective in increasing plant growth parameters and
reducing nematode reproduction factors. Aqueous extract of mentha @ 75 ml/pot followed by extract turmeric @75 ml/pot was found effective in enhancing plant growth parameters and reducing nematode reproduction factors.
Description
Keywords
Cotton, Genotypes, Planting, Genetics, Yields, Diseases, Sowing, Regeneration, Rapd, Developmental stages