Studies on insect pollinators on bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

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dc.contributor.advisorSharma, S.K.
dc.contributor.authorB. Pavana Kumar
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-10T15:21:46Z
dc.date.available2016-11-10T15:21:46Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractThe present study was conducted on four bitter gourd hybrids viz., Indam-49, Bahar, Kohinoor and Unnat CT-100 at Research Farm of department of Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. A total of 24 insect species were visited bitter gourd flowers viz., 11 hymenopterans, 7 lepidopterans, 5dipterans and 1 coleopteran. Among these, Halictus sp., Megachile sp. and Apis dorsata Fab. were found to be the most frequent pollinators. The abundance of Halictus sp. (1.44 bees/m2/5 minutes) was highest followed by Megachile sp. (1.05 bees/m2/5 minutes) and A. dorsata (0.78 bees/m2/5 minutes). Irrespective of species, the population was maximum (2.40 bees/m2/5 minutes) at 0800-1000 h of the day. Foragers of A. dorsata, Halictus sp. and Megachile sp. commenced their activity at 0600, 0630 and 0700 h, respectively with peak period at 0800-1000 h and ceased their activity at 1800, 1730 and 1700 h, respectively. Out of the total foragers of the day, 47.93 per cent were pollen, 19.01 per cent were nectar collectors and 33.06 per cent were pollen+nectar collectors in case of Halictus sp., for A. dorsata, these values were 44.44, 26.39 and 29.17 per cent, respectively, and for Megachile sp., these values were 43.66, 38.03 and 18.31 per cent, respectively. Megachile sp. spent maximum time (av. 10.84 seconds/flower), whereas, A. dorsata spent least time (av. 2.39 seconds/flower) but visited maximum (av. 10.54) flowers per minute. Based on pollination index (Number of loose pollen grains sticking on the body of bee x abundance), A. dorsata was the most efficient pollinator of Momordica charantia with pollination index of 132600 followed by Halictus sp. with pollination index 85800 and Megachile sp. with pollination index 84000 under agro-ecological conditions of Hisar (Haryana). Effect of different modes of pollination on yield parameters of bitter gourd showed that maximum fruit set (74.00%) was observed under open-pollination + hand-pollination treatment and no fruits were observed (0% fruit set) under without insect pollination treatment. Average fruit length, fruit weight and fruit diameter was observed maximum (15.11 cm, 104.52 g and 4.20 cm, respectively) under Open-pollination + hand-pollination, while these were observed minimum (11.61 cm, 65.61 g and 3.72 cm, respectively) under hand-pollination treatment.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/84923
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherCCSHAUen_US
dc.subEntomology
dc.subjectDevelopmental stages, Biological phenomena, Fruits, Bitter gourd, Cucumbers, Hybrids, Grain, Sexual reproduction, Honey, Cropsen_US
dc.these.typeM.Sc
dc.titleStudies on insect pollinators on bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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