PRE-HATCH DEVELOPMENT OF LOWER DIGESTIVE TRACT IN TURKEY (Meleagris gallopavo)
Loading...
Date
2018
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, POOKODE WAYANAD
Abstract
Pre-hatch developmental pattern of lower digestive tract in Beltsville
White turkey was studied to investigate the morphogenesis and histogenesis and
to derive its relationship with age and body weight. Materials for the study were
collected from 60 embryos on third, fourth, sixth, ninth, twelfth, fifteenth,
eighteenth, twenty-first, twenty-fourth and twenty-seventh day of incubation, and
compared with those from six, day-old poults. Observations on morphology,
histology, histochemistry, electron microscopy, morphometry and micrometry
were carried out and data were analysed statistically to find out the relationship. In
the present study, all the divisions of the primitive gut viz., foregut, midgut and
hindgut were apparent during the fourth day of incubation. The regional
differentiation of the primitive gut into different segments of lower digestive tract
viz. duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caeca, colo-rectum and coprodeum, occurred by
sixth day of incubation. The parameters of the segments of the lower digestive
tract became grossly measurable by 15th day of incubation. The intestines were
completely retracted into the body cavity by 27th day of incubation. There was
significant increase in the weight and length of lower digestive tract and that of its
segments as the age advanced. The histological examination of the segments
revealed well developed tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis, tunica serosa and an
inconstant tunica submucosa. The longitudinal folds of the tunica mucosa
indicating future villi were obvious by 15th day of incubation in the present study,
which differentiated further with advancement of age. All layers of the small and
large intestines increased in thickness as age advanced and became similar to the
adult structure by 21st day of incubation. The intestinal epithelium presented three
types of cells, viz. chief cells, goblet cells and argentaffin cells and the epithelium
of the villi formed crypts of Lieberkuhn by 24th day of incubation. The study
revealed that the growth of the segments of the lower digestive tract was highly
correlated with increase in body weight and age of the embryo during the prehatch period, confirming the early maturing nature of the digestive system.
Description
Keywords
null