Reliability of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of reticular diaphragmatic hernia in cows and buffaloes
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2018
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The present study was conducted to compare the left and right side ultrasonographic approach for diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia in cows and buffaloes and to study the reliability of ultrasonography vis-a-vis radiography in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia in cows and buffaloes. The study was conducted on 50 clinical cases of bovines (46 buffaloes and 4 cows) suspected for diaphragmatic hernia on the basis of history and clinical sign. Ultrasonography was done in all the animals, prior to radiography from the lateral aspect of thoracoabdominal wall (4th ICS to 8th ICS) from right side and left side. Radiographs were taken in either standing animals or animals restrained in right lateral recumbancy. The ultrasonographic and radiographic findings were confirmed upon laprorumenotomy. On the basis of conclusive diagnosis(laparorumenotomy) the animals were grouped as positive for diaphragmatic hernia (n=38, Group I) and negative for diaphragmatic hernia (n=12, Group II).The animals negative for diaphragmatic hernia (n=12) were diagnosed with other diseases like reticular abscess (n=3, Group II A), omasal impaction (n=2, Group II B), foreign body syndrome (n=4, Group II C) and pericarditis (n=3, Group II D). The sensitivity of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia at 4th ICS from right lateral approach was found to be more (89.4) % as compared to left lateral approach (68.4%). Specificity and positive predictive value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia at 4th ICS from right lateral and left lateral approach was found to be same i.e. 100%. The negative predictive value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia at 4th ICS from right lateral approach was found to be more (75) % as compared to left lateral approach (50%). Overall sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography alone in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia was found to be 100% and 83.3%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of radiography in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia was found to be 81.5% and 58.3%, respectively. Ultrasonography was found more sensitive and specific imaging tool for diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia in bovine as compared to radiography.
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