Growth dynamics of mustard (Brassica napus) cultivars under modified microclimatic environments
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Date
2014
Authors
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Publisher
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The field experiment entitled “Growth dynamics of mustard (Brassica napus) cultivars
under modified microclimatic environments” was carried out at the Research Farm, School
of Climate Change and Agricultural Meteorology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
during the Rabi 2012-13. Field experimentation on Brassica napus cultivars (GSC-6 and
Hyolla PAC 401), comprising of two spacings (30 cm and 45 cm) and three dates of sowing
i.e., D1 (26 October, 2012), D2 (10 November, 2012) and D3 (27 November, 2012) was
planned in split plot design and replicated thrice. Three dates of sowing and two cultivars
were assigned as main plot treatments and two spacing levels as sub plot treatments. The
results revealed that the solar radiation (SR) interception and photosynthetically active
radiation (PAR) interception was higher under the first date of sowing and in cv. Hyolla PAC
401. Similarly the SR and PAR interception was higher under closer row spacing (30 cm) due
to taller plant height. Canopy temperature and relative humidity was slightly higher under first
and third date of sowing. With delay in sowing, the reduction in days taken by phenological
events of crop leads to shortening of vegetative and reproductive growth stage of crop and cv.
GSC-6 took 7, 5 and 9 days less number of days to attain physiological maturity as compared
to cv. Hyolla PAC 401 under first, second and third date of sowing, respectively. Periodic
plant height and dry matter accumulation was found higher under first date of sowing as well
in closer row spacing (30 cm). Leaf area index (LAI) was higher under first date of sowing
and crop sown with closer row-spacing (30 cm) and in cv. Hyolla PAC 401. Amongst the
yield attributes characters, first date of sowing crop produced higher number of branches,
number of seeds/pod and 1000-seed weight. Both the cv. showed non-significant effect on
number of branches, seeds/pod and 1000-seed weight. Whereas closer row spacing (30 cm)
produced higher number of branches/plant, number of seeds/pod and 1000-seed weight as
compared to wider row spacing (45 cm). The pod yield, seed yield, biological yield and straw
yield were significantly higher under the first sown crop and in closer row spacing (30 cm).
The agro climatic indices GDD, PTU, HTU and HUE attained were more under first date of
sowing and were accrued more by cv. Hyolla PAC 401 as compared to cv. GSC-6 under all
three date of sowing. The growth parameters like CGR, RGR, LAD, SLW and NAR showed
increasing trend, i.e., increased with advancement in sowing from November to October. On
the other hand, LAR and SLA showed reverse trend, i.e., increased with delay in sowing from
October to November.
Description
Keywords
mustard, agroclimatic indices, Brassica napus, sowing, microclimate environments, yield