Study of Hemorrhagic Enteritis in Canines
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Date
2024-04-10
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MAFSU, Nagpur
Abstract
The current study entitled “STUDY OF HEMORRHAGIC ENTERITIS
IN CANINES” was carried out at the Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and
Preventive Medicine, Mumbai Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai-400012.
The primary focus of the current research study was to evaluate different
causal factors contributing to hemorrhagic enteritis, analyze hematobiochemical
parameters, investigate their correlation, and assess the effectiveness of therapeutic
interventions in canines.
The study included 33 dogs showing symptoms of melena and/or
hematochezia, as well as 10 apparently healthy dogs, without regard to breed,
gender, or age. Further screening of all dogs for Canine Parvovirus or Canine
Coronavirus using a Rapid CPV/CCV combo Ag test kit and for Canine Distemper
using a Rapid CDV Ag test kit were done. Stool and blood samples were collected
for routine and microscopic examination, as well as for estimating hematological
and biochemical parameters.
Among the clinical signs exhibited by the dogs, vomiting contributed 20%
followed by melena 18%, diarrhea 16%, pain on abdominal palpation 15%, pyrexia
14%, hematochezia 11%, tenesmus 4% and Jaundice 2%. Treatment was
administered based on the specific disease condition and underlying etiology using
fluids, oral and parenteral antibiotics, anthelminthics and other supportive therapy.
Canine Parvovirus was identified as the leading cause of melena and/or
hematochezia in the examined dogs, followed by Ancylostoma caninum, Ehrlichia
canis, uremic gastritis, Canine Distemper, Babesia canis, Trypanosoma, and
Leptospirosis.
The differences in hematological and biochemical parameters between
diseased dogs and apparently healthy animals were statistically significant.
Following the treatment, there was a notable improvement in hemato-biochemical parameters and clinical signs. One dog with abdominal mass and generalized lymph
adenopathy died despite the treatment.
The causes of hemorrhagic enteritis are diverse and multifactorial. Use of
gut acting antibiotics like amoxicillin or ampicillin helped in the controlling of
opportunistic bacteria in the gut.