Study on the effects of prostaglandin therapy in combination with antiprogestin and antiprolactin treatments for therapeutic management of pyometra in She Dogs
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Date
2023-04
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LUVAS Hisar
Abstract
The present research work entitled “Study on the effects of prostaglandin therapy in
combination with antiprogestin and antiprolactin treatments for therapeutic management of pyometra in
She Dogs” was carried out in the veterinary clinical complex, LUVAS, Hisar. Diagnosis of pyometra
was done by correlating the history and clinical signs with the findings of abdominal palpation and
ultrasonography. A total of 28 she dogs diagnosed for pyometra were randomly assigned to four
treatment protocols with 7 animals in each group. In Group-I, all the animals were administered with
antibiotic Enrofloxacin @ 10 mg/kg body wt., intramuscularly, OD for 5 days. In Group-II, all the
animals were administered with cloprostenol (@2.5 µg/kg body wt., S/C on 1st, 3rd and 5th day) along
with Enrofloxacin @ 10 mg/kg body wt., intramuscularly, OD for 5 days. In Group-III, all the animals
were administered with cabergoline (@ 5µg/kg body wt., orally OD for five days) and cloprostenol
(@2.5 µg/kg body wt., S/C on 1st, 3rd and 5th day), alongwith Enrofloxacin @ 10 mg/kg body wt.,
intramuscularly, OD for 5 days. In Group-IV, all the animals were administered with Mifepristone @
2.5 mg/kg body wt., orally BID for 5 days, and cloprsotenol (@2.5 µg/kg body wt., S/C on 1st, 3rd and
5
th day) alongwith Enrofloxacin @ 10 mg/kg body wt., intramuscularly, OD for 5 days.
Ultrasonographic and hematobiochemical evaluations were performed on day 0 and day 7 to assess
efficacy of the treatment protocols. The most common clinical signs recorded in the she dogs were
vaginal discharge (92.86%), followed by anorexia (75%), vomition (53.57%), polyuria (39.29%) and
polydipsia (35.71%). Ultrasonography revealed an enlarged uteri with convoluted, tubular horns filled
with anechoic to hypoechoic fluid and the mean size of pus filled uterine cavities decreased
significantly (p<0.05) at the end of treatment (day 7) in she dogs of the groups-II, -III and-IV. The total
leucocyte and neutrophil counts were increased in the she dogs affected with pyometra which showed
significant (p<0.01) decline at end of treatment in she dogs of the groups-I, -III and -IV. Vaginal
discharge samples were mostly sensitive to Gentamicin (57.14%) and Enrofloxacin (53.57%)
antibiotics. Pre-treatment biochemical profiles do not show any distinctive changes; except mild
elevation in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and alkaline phosphatase. Serum aspartate transaminase
concentations decreased significantly (p<0.05) in she dogs of the group-I and -III after the treatment.
Seum ALT and Serum alkaline phosphatase profiles decreased significantly (p<0.05) after the
treatment in group-III. After completion of treatment, the highest recovery rate (71.42%) from
pyometra was observed in she dogs of the group-III as well as group-IV, whereas the recovery rate in
group-I and group-II was lower, 42.85% and 57.14%, respectively. Two out of four recovered she dogs
in the group-II came to estrus. In conclusion, the combination of prostaglandin analogues
(Cloprostenol), antibiotic therapy alongwith anti-progestin (Mifepristone) or anti-prolactin
(Cabergoline) hormones is an effective approach for medicinal treatment of canine pyometra.