Improvement of propagation efficiency of Anthurium andreanum Andre.
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Date
1997
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Department of Pomology and Horticulture,College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara
Abstract
The investigation was carried out at AICFIP, Department of Pomology
and Floriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur during 1995-1997 to study the effect of
growth regulators on lateral shoot production and to attempt production of
synseeds through encapsulation of somatic embryos in anthurium.
Anthurium andreanum occupies a very prominent place in the
commercial floriculture industry of Kerala. Availability of planting material is one
of the major problems of its commercial cultivation in Kerala. Hence, this study
on improvement of propagation efficiency of Anthurium andreanum Andre has
great relevance.
In the present study two growth regulators, Gibberellic acid (GA3) and
Benzyl amino purine (BAP) at four levels (250 mg r', 500 mg r ', 750 mg r1 and
1000 mg 1'1) were tried on intact and topped plants .
. Topping alone could induce lateral shoot production. Size of the lateral
shoots was also high in topped plants. Effect of different growth regulators
were expressed during different periods. Effect of BAP was evident from fifth
month after first spray whereas GA3 effect was expressed only after 8 months.
GA3750 mg r1 on topped plants produced highest number of lateral shoots per
plant among all the treatments. In intact plants BAP 250 mg r1 was found to
be more effective. GA3 treatments produced larger sized shoots compared to
BAP treatments. Growth regulators also changed the angle between spathe
and spadix of the flower spike. Plants sprayed with GA3 500 mg r ' 'produced
flowers with maximum angle between spathe and spadix.
Application of growth regulators, BAP and GA3 manifested profound
variation in the potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) content in the
spadix. It was found that the angle between spathe and spadix increased with
an increase in the content of Ca and Mg in the spadix.
In micropropagation, callus was formed in explants from the leaf, petiole
and spadix. The callus production was good in explants from spadix in 1/2 MS
medium supplemented with 2,4-D 2 mg rl and kinetin 0.3 rnql'. Addition of
casein hydrolysate in the medium improved callusing in leaf explants.
However, the calli did not respond to somatic embryogenesis induction
treatments. The regeneration from callus was organogenic than embryogenic.
Further studies are needed to standardise a complete protocol for somatic
embryogenesis and encapsulation of embryoids to produce synthetic seeds.
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