Estimation of losses and management of maize stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in Kharif maize
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Date
2016
Authors
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Publisher
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The studies on "Estimation of losses and management of maize stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)
in Kharif maize" were conducted during 2013, 2014 and 2015 in the Punjab. The key insect pest of
Kharif maize was found to be C. partellus, however the insect pests other than C. partellus were of
minor importance. The deadhearts incidence of C. partellus was significantly lower in the crop sown
on 25th June (6.07, 7.06; and 7.29, 9.11 %) than that in the crop sown during last week of May (9.17,
10.24; and 10.30, 11.99 %) and on 10th of June (8.09, 9.06 & 9.08, 11.06 %) at Ludhiana and Jalandhar
during 2013 and 2014, respectively. Accordingly, the maize grain yield was significantly higher in the
crop sown on 25th June (54.51, 54.58; and 52.85, 52.02 q/ ha) than that in the crop sown during last
week of May (52.69, 51.34; and 49.91, 48.70 q/ ha) and on 10th of June (52.53, 51.01; and 50.88, 50.01
q/ ha) at Ludhiana and Jalandhar during 2013 and 2014, respectively. The mean maize grain yield
losses caused by C. partellus ranging from 10.99 to 14.69 per cent, were also lower in the crop sown on
25th June than that sown during last week of May and on 10th June. The laboratory evaluation of
different isolates of Beauveria bassiana Balsamo (Vuillemin) against C. partellus revealed that the
Local isolate (caused 39.00 % mortality of C. partellus) followed by Bb 4668 (caused 31.75 %
mortality of C. partellus) isolate of B. bassiana were most virulent against C. partellus. However,
Mycojaal, Bb 7126, Bb 7130 and Bb 4644 isolates of B. bassiana were moderately (caused 19.7522.50
% mortality of C. partellus); and Bb 5412, Bb 5408 isolates of B. bassiana were least virulent
(caused 17.50-18.00 % mortality of C. partellus) against C. partellus. The evaluation of Local, Bb
4668 and Mycojaal isolates of B. bassiana against C. partellus under artificial infestation conditions in
screen house revealed that the Local isolate was most effective against C. partellus. The field
evaluation of different Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies against C. partellus revealed that
the standard check treatment i.e. deltamethrin was most effective (with deadhearts incidence of 6.256.85
%) against C. partellus. The treatments i.e. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, chlorantraniliprole
@ 8, 10 and 12 Kg/ ha and maize intercropped with one or two rows of cowpea (with deadhearts
incidence of 9.80-11.96 %) being at par with each other were moderately effective against C. partellus.
The cowpea fodder yield obtained in maize intercropped with cowpea treatments provided additional
benefit. The seed treatment with imidacloprid; water based and talc based formulation of Local isolate
of B. bassiana (with deadhearts incidence of 14.11-16.46 %) being at par with each other were least
effective against C. partellus. The present studies clearly showed that the effective management of C.
partellus involves integration of different management strategies.
Description
Keywords
Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, Beauveria bassiana, Chilo partellus, cultural control, estimation of losses, integrated pest management, sowing time of maize