POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HARDERIAN GLAND OF PATI DUCK ( Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) OF ASSAM

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dc.contributor.advisorSarma, Kabita
dc.contributor.authorRAJKHOWA, JITEN
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-01T10:34:41Z
dc.date.available2022-07-01T10:34:41Z
dc.date.issued2019-10
dc.description.abstractThe present study was undertaken to elaborate certain gross anatomical, histomorphological, histochemical, ultrastructural and biochemical aspect of Harderian gland of Pati ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) of Assam during the postnatal development. Total 45 (forty five) numbers of apparently healthy Pati ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) were utilized for present study. The Harderian gland of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) was located within the orbit. The gland was flat, oval and coma shaped with irregular border. The gland had two surfaces i.e. the parietal and the visceral surfaces, two borders and two blunt poles. The parietal surface was found convex and attached to fascia covered by the nasal bones and interorbital septa of the orbit. The visceral surface was concave and it was attached loosely to the eye ball with fascia. The lobes of the Harderian gland became more prominent with the advancement of the age. The gland was light pink while freshly collected. The arterial blood supplied and the venus drainage was by the ophthalmic artery and vein. The slender branch of oculomotor nerve innervated the Harderian gland. The result reflected an ascending trend from 0 week age group to 42 weeks age group in all the gross parameters. There were slight difference between left and right gland in all the gross parameter but statistically not significant (p value > 0.05). A short single duct was observed in the Harderian Gland of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus). The duct opened into the conjunctival sac at the base of the 3rd eyelid. The Harderian gland of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) had a capsule which was consisted of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics. The thickness of the capsule of the Harderian gland was increased slightly along the advancement of the age i.e. from 0 week to 42 weeks age group. The capsular connective tissue penetrated the parenchyma of the Harderian gland in the form of septa or trabeculae. The collagen, reticular, elastic and nerve fibers were observed along with the capsule and as well as in the septa and trabeculae. The thickness of the capsule and distribution of all the fibers increased along with the advancement of the age i.e. from 0 week to 42 weeks age group. The Harderian gland of the Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) was compound tubular gland. The columnar epithelial cells lined the tubules. There was no cortex and medulla in the gland and the tubular structures were uniformly distributed within the lobules. A central cannel was present in the gland which converged to the duct of the gland. The lymphocytes and plasma cells were found in the intertubular connective tissue. The numbers or population of plasma cell and lymphocytes were accelerated by the advancement of age. The myoepithelial cells with spindle shaped nuclei were present near the basement membrane close to the secretary cells. The histology of the duct of the Harderian gland of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) was like typical hollow tubular organs. There were few lymphatic nodules very distinctly present and extended from the lamina propria to the muscle layer. In the present histochemical study of the Harderian land of Pati duck, the reaction of Alkaline phosphatase enzyme was mild. The reaction of the Acid phosphatase was absent. The Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity was observed moderate in all the age groups of birds. The activity of non specific Esterase was observed strong in all the age groups. The periodic acid-Schiff (PAS - Alcian Blue 2.5 pH) stain revealed positive reaction in all the age groups which indicated the presence of acid sulfated mucosubtances in the cells. In the Scanning Electron Microscopic studies of the Harderian gland of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) the tubular structures were looked like hole having some secretion inside it. In higher magnification the lining epithelium cells were found with some secretion at the tip of the cells. In Transmission Electron Microscopic study it was found that the secretory mucous vesicles pushed the nucleus of the cell towards the basal border. The nucleus was oval in shape and rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, golgi apparatus were observed around the nucleus. The quantity of total protein of the Harderian gland reflected a descending trend in advancement of the age of the birds. The quantity of the total lipids in the Harderian gland of Pati duck increased from 0 week age to 42 weeks age. The total lipid and total protein content of the Harderian gland of Pati duck were inversely proportional to each other.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810185066
dc.keywordsPOSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT, HARDERIAN GLAND, PATI DUCK ( Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), ASSAMen_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages97p.en_US
dc.publisherCollege of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahatien_US
dc.subVeterinary Anatomy and Histologyen_US
dc.themePOSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HARDERIAN GLAND OF PATI DUCK ( Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) OF ASSAMen_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titlePOSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HARDERIAN GLAND OF PATI DUCK ( Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) OF ASSAMen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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