CHARACTERIZATION OF Ustilago segetum (Pers.) Roussel tritici Jensen CAUSING LOOSE SMUT OF WHEAT
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Date
2010
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Thirty five isolates of the Ustilago segetum (Pers.) Roussel tritici Jensen were
characterized on the basis of pathogenicity using Nielsen’s Canadian differential set and other
cultivated wheat varieties. The isolates could fall in 6 and 23 categories on the individual
basis of their reaction on Canadian differentials and cultivated wheat varieties, respectively.
However, 35 isolates could fall into 29 groups on the basis of their reaction collectively on
Canadian differential set and cultivated wheat varieties. Grouping of races in most of the
cases could not be attributed to the area from where they were collected and also the type of
wheat from which initially collected. Only some of the isolates, LS11, LS13, LS16, LS18,
LS32 and LS35 collected from Triticum aestivum from Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh,
Dhaulakuan, Rajasthan, Jalandhar and Ludhiana (from Triticosecale) fell in different
individual groups indicating geographical diversity in the pathogen. Random Amplified
Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) profiling were
evaluated for assessing the extent of genetic variation among the isolates of Ustilago segetum
(Pers.) Roussel tritici Jensen which causes loose smut disease of wheat. Eight random
decamer primers and eight ISSR primers were used to characterize twenty four isolates of the
pathogen. These isolates were collected from wheat cultivars grown at various locations of
North-Western India (Punjab, Haryana, U.P. and Rajasthan). The RAPD and ISSR primers
generated a total of 206 scorable bands collectively. All the isolates could be precisely
differentiated from each other employing these primers and initially grouped into two distinct
clusters. The molecular classification did not correspond with the geographical distribution,
host origin of the isolates and groups categorized based on pathogenicity test. ISSR profiling
was found superior to RAPD and can be effectively utilized for further characterization of the
loose smut pathogen.
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