GENETIC STUDIES AND STABILITY ANALYSIS IN TOMATO [Solanum lycopersicum (L.)]
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Date
2021
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot. (College of Horticulture, Bagalkot).
Abstract
Investigation was conducted on the “Genetic studies and stability analysis in
tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)” between 2016-2019 at College of Horticulture,
Bagalkot. Sixty genotypes were collected from different institutes and evaluated for
genetic variability. Significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all
the 24 characters under study. Considerable difference between the PCV and GCV
was observed for eleven traits indicating that, these characters are sensitive to
prevailing environment and selection based on phenotypic performance of these
characters would be less effective. High heritability with high GAM was observed for
plant spread, average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and for quality traits
indicating additive gene effects and controlled by few major genes.
Analysis of variance of general combining ability and specific combining
ability revealed the predominance of both additive and non additive gene actions for
the characters under study. Parents viz., L 6, L 7, L 3, T 2 and T 3 had higher positive
gca effects for yeld per plant, yield per plot and for quality parameters coupled with
negative gca effects for earliness. Hybrids L 6 x T 2 and L 9 x T 2 had higher positive
sca effects for fruit yield per plant and yield per plot coupled with higher sca effects
for number of fruits per plant, flowers per cluster and fruit firmness.Thirty hybrids
were developed from ten lines and three testers. In pooled analysis yielding
potentiality of L 6 x T 2 (54.81 t /ha), L 6 x T 3 (51.27 t/ha) and L 2 x T 2 (46.91 t/ha)
was found good.
Satbility analysis was conducted in three environments for all the hybrids and
parents. Among thirty hybrids L 6 x T 2, L 6 x T 3, L 2 x T 2 were found stable for
yield per plant with higher mean values compared to the population mean whereas
hybrids L 3 x T 2, L 9 x T 2, L 7 x T 2 and commercial checks were found suitable for
favourable environment. Stability of the hybrids is due to one of the parent involved
in the hybridization is stable and having high general combining ability effects.