Effect of sanitary and phytosanitary measures on export performance of basmati rice from India
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Date
2024
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
Due to changes in food safety standards of major importing countries of basmati rice, India has faced challenges in export of basmati rice due to detection of pesticide residue. The present study was carried out to examine the export performance, impact of SPS measures on basmati rice export from India and awareness among farmers regarding recommended pesticides use. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. To analyse the export performance and direction of trade, secondary data were collected from APEDA, RASFF Portal, etc. for the period 1990-91 to 2022-23. Primary data were collected from 160 basmati rice producers selected randomly from Amritsar and Sri Muktsar Sahib districts for the year 2022-23. Three basmati rice exporters were also interviewed to study the problems in basmati rice export due to pesticide residue. Descriptive analysis, compound annual growth rate, instability index and Markov chain analysis were employed to achieve the objectives. It was observed that basmati rice export showed an overall increasing trend in both quantity (10.5%) and value terms (16.2%). Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, UAE, Yemen, USA, Kuwait and UK remained the top importing nations of Indian basmati rice during the study period. Saudi Arabia and UAE were found to be highly stable markets, as indicated by the retention probabilities of their previous shares. Since 2018, European Union rejected number of consignments of Indian basmati rice due to presence of high residue level of agrochemicals than their prescribed limits. Among 10 banned pesticides (for basmati rice cultivation), thiamethoxam was found to be highly used by farmers (52%). Company personnel (33%) and pesticide dealers (31%) were the major sources of information to selected farmers for application of pesticides. Exporters faced problems of pesticide residue in basmati rice export, and they suggested that government should create awareness among farmers regarding safe use of pesticides for basmati rice cultivation.
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Arshdeep Singh (2024). Effect of sanitary and phytosanitary measures on export performance of basmati rice from India (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.