Studies on Phenotypic Variability for Yield and Maturity Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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Date
2012
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SKUAST-K
Abstract
The present investigation “Studies on Phenotypic Variability for Yield and Maturity Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was undertaken to generate information on variability, character association, cause and effect relationship and divergence in 25 wheat genotypes including two checks viz. SKW-355 and HS-240. The materials were planted during Rabi 2010-2011 at experimental fields of Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar Campus. The analysis of variance revealed presence of significant variability among the genotypes for all the traits studied. Heritability (b.s) was high for days to heading, plant height, number of effective tillers m-1, grains spike-1, 1000-grain weight, harvest index, grain yield plot-1. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients revealed significant and positive association of grain yield with number of effective tillers m-1, number of spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1 and 1000-grain and negative significant correlation with plant height. Path coefficient analysis of grain yield plot-1 at genotypic level revealed that days to heading showed highest positive direct effect (2.712) towards grain yield plot-1 followed by grain filling period (2.232) and 1000-grain weight (0.663). Similarly positive direct values were obtained from plant height (0.080), number of effective tillers m-1 (0.389) and harvest index (0.183). The direct effect of days to maturity was recorded to be negative (-1.014). Also a negative direct effect was found for number of spikelets spike-1 (-0.209), spike length (-0.122) and grains spike-1 (-0.546). Three genotypes viz., SKW-355, HPW-366 and UP-2831 matured before 10th of June to fit in rice-wheat cropping system. Analysis of variance for dispersion revealed significant differences for all the traits indicating diversity among the genotypes, grouping the 25 genotypes into 8 clusters ,with cluster I having maximum number of genotypes (10), followed by cluster III with 6 cultivars, cluster II with 4 cultivars and rest of the clusters with 1 cultivar each. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster VII and IV (998.33). The maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster III (113.29). Highest per cent contribution to divergence came from grains spike-1, yield plot-1 and plant height.
Description
M.Sc Thesis submitted to SKUAST Kashmir
Keywords
Divergence, Variability, Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Genetic and Plant Breeding