OCCURRENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF EIMERIA SPECIES IN CHICKEN, TURKEY AND QUAIL

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dc.contributor.advisorAsha Rajagopal
dc.contributor.authorPOOJA G. MANKANI
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-20T04:32:42Z
dc.date.available2023-01-20T04:32:42Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-30
dc.descriptionThesis Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Veterinary Science in Veterinary Parasitologyen_US
dc.description.abstractThe study was undertaken during the period from June 2019 to December 2020 with the objectives of studying the occurrence of Eimeria spp. in chicken, turkey and quail in organised poultry farms and backyard poultry units by conventional methods and molecular confirmation of Eimeria spp. in chicken by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 300 chicken, 150 quail and 50 turkey faecal samples collected from organised poultry farms and backyard poultry units in and around Thrissur district were examined by conventional methods for morphological identification of Eimeria species. Twenty-six intestinal samples of coccidiosis suspected chicken and two samples from quail were also collected from post mortem cases from the department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy. The overall occurrence of Eimeria spp. was 37.66 per cent (113/300) in chicken and 16.66 per cent (25/150) in quails. None of the samples collected from turkeys were found to be positive for Eimeria spp. The species of Eimeria identified on morphological examination were E. tenella, E. necatrix and E. maxima in chicken and E. bateri and E. tsunodai in quail. The occurrence rate of E. tenella was found to be significantly higher (46.01 %) compared to E. necatrix (39.82 %) and E. maxima (14.15 %). The rate of occurrence of Eimeria infection was found to be significantly higher in backyard poultry (45.86 %) and during the monsoon season (43.13 %). Gross lesions found in the intestine and caeca of chicken included ballooning of intestine with petechial haemorrhages, distended caeca filled with blood and thickened caecal and intestinal walls, with average lesion score of 3+ and 2+, respectively. In quail the gross lesions included ballooning of the intestine and caeca with blood in the contents and the average lesion score was 2+. The histopathological examination of intestinal and caecal lesions in chicken revealed marked destruction of villi with schizonts and the immature oocysts in the epithelial cells. In quail the histopathological examination of intestine and caeca revealed desquamation of epithelium, destruction of villi and presence of various developmental stages of Eimeria. The genomic DNA was isolated from the sporulated oocysts of Eimeria spp. and tissue samples. The PCR protocol was standardised by gradient PCR using primers targeting the ITS-1 region of the seven Eimeria spp. in chicken. Out of 63 samples confirmed by conventional methods, 60 samples yielded PCR results of which, 29 (48.33 %) were positive for E. tenella, 23 (38.33 %) for E. necatrix and eight (13.33 %) for E. maxima. The amplicons of E. tenella, E. necatrix and E. maxima were sequenced and submitted to Gen Bank and the phylogenetic analysis was carried out. Partial ITS 1 region of Eimeria spp. in quail was amplified using universal primers, sequenced and submitted to Gen Bank. This study forms the first report of molecular identification of Eimeria spp. in chicken in Kerala. To the best of our knowledge, this also forms the first report of identification of Eimeria spp. in quail in Kerala.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810192594
dc.keywordsEimeria species, chicken, turkey, quail, Morphological identification of Eimeria species, Molecular identification of Eimeria species, Occurrence in organised and backyard poultry farms, Occurrence of Eimeria species in Turkey, Occurrence of Eimeria species in Quail,en_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages117p.en_US
dc.publisherCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSURen_US
dc.research.problem1. Study the occurrence of Eimeria spp. in chicken, turkey and quail in organised poultry farms and backyard poultry units by conventional methods 2. Molecular confirmation of Eimeria spp. in chicken by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)en_US
dc.subVeterinary Parasitologyen_US
dc.themeOCCURRENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF EIMERIA SPECIES IN CHICKEN, TURKEY AND QUAILen_US
dc.these.typeM.V.Sc.en_US
dc.titleOCCURRENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF EIMERIA SPECIES IN CHICKEN, TURKEY AND QUAILen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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