GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) 2902
dc.contributor.advisor | L. K. Dhaduk | |
dc.contributor.author | PATEL ANERI VIPULKUMAR | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-07T11:43:14Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-07-07T11:43:14Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2019-07 | |
dc.description.abstract | In the present investigation, the experimental material comprised of 7 parents, its 21 single cross hybrids produced through diallel mating design without reciprocals and standard check GAYMH-1. The experimental materials were grown in randomized block design in three replications at Cotton Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during Rabi 2018-19. The objectives of this investigation was to study the performance of parents and hybrids, magnitude of heterosis and their combining ability. Analysis of variance indicated the significance differences among the parents for all the traits which revealed existence of variability in the genotypes. Analysis of variance indicated the significance difference among the hybrids for all the 12 traits studied which revealed differences among the hybrids. A marked degree of significant desired heterosis over standard check GAYMH-1 was observed in many hybrids for most of the quantitative characters. Among 21 hybrids, 6 hybrids exhibited positive heterosis for kernel yield over better parent. Maximum significant positive standard heterosis over standard check GAYMH 1 for kernel yield per plant was exhibited by CM-500 × GYL-2 (32.66%) followed by IL 14-53 × GYL-4 (26.25%) and LM 13-2 × GYL-8 (25.01%). The high heterotic response in these hybrids for kernel yield per plant resulted due to useful significant heterotic effects for their yield contributing characters like ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per ear, 100 kernel weight and shelling percentage. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that mean sum of squares due to general combining ability were found significant for all the traits except plant height, ear length and kernel yield per plant. Whereas, the specific combining ability effects were found significant for all the characters except ear girth. The SCA variance component was observed to be higher than the corresponding GCA variance component for all the trait indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene action for inheritance of these traits. All the parents were average combiner for kernel yield per plant. CM-500 and GYL-8 were good general combiners for days to 50% tasseling, Major Guide Dr. L. K. Dhaduk Name of Student Patel Aneri V.days to 50% silking and ear height, GYL-2 were good combiner for the ear height and days to 75% dry husk. parent LM 13-2 good combiner for the ear girth and also average combiner for the number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight, kernel yield per plant and shelling percentage. The parents CM-500 and IL 14-53 good combiner for the 100 kernel weight and average combiner for the ear girth, number of kernels rows per ear, number of kernels per row, kernel yield per plant and shelling percentage. The estimate of sca effects reveled that none of the crosses was consistently superior for all the characters. However, best three hybrids on the basis of significant positive sca effects for kernel yield per plant were CM-500 × GYL-2, IL 14-53 × GYL 4 and CM-500 × IL 14-53. These crosses also registered significant and positive sca effects for most of its yield attributes viz., ear length, ear girth, number of kernels per row, number of kernels per ear, 100 kernel weight and shelling percentage. The highest significant sca effects in desired direction for various characters was exhibited by different hybrids viz., GYL-2 × GYL-8 for days to 50% tasseling, CM-500 × IL 14-53 for days to 50% silking, HKI-163 × GYL-8 for plant height, LM 13-2 × HKI-163 for ear height, GYL-2 × GYL-8 for days to 75% dry husk, CM-500 × GYL-8 for ear length, IL 14-53 × HKI-163 for ear girth, CM-500 × GYL-8 for number of kernels rows per ear, CM-500 × GYL-8 for number of kernels per row, GYL-2 × GYL-8 for 100 kernel weight and LM 13-2 × GYL-4 for shelling percentage. On the basis of per se performance, exploitable heterosis, gca effects,sca effects and gene action involved in the expression of kernel yield per plant and its component characters, CM-500 × GYL-2, IL 14-53 × GYL-4 and LM 13-2 × GYL-8 were found promising and may be exploited commercially after critical evolution for its superiority and stability across the locations and over years. The estimate of genetic components of variation revealed significant differences for variance due to additive genetic effect (D) as well as variance due to non-additive effects (H1 and H2) for all the characters except ‘D’ for days to 50% tasseling, Days to 50% silking, plant height , ear height,100 kernel weight, kernel yield per plant, shelling percentage. The average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 was found to be greater than unity for all the traits. The non-significant estimate of ‘E’ for all the traits except kernel yield per plant, days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, ear height, ear length suggested that there was no considerable environment influence modifying their expression. Asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes in the parents was observed for most of the traits, while symmetrical distribution was observed for number of kernels per row. KD/KR ratio more than unity for days to 50% silking, plant height, ear height, days to 75% dry husk, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, 100 kernel weight, kernel yield per plant and shelling percentage showed an excess of dominant gene in the parents, while KD/KR ratio less than unity for days to 50% tasseling and number of kernels per row indicated an excess of recessive gene in the parents. Moderate estimates of heritability in narrow sense was observed for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, ear height, ear girth and number of kernels per row. Low heritability was observed in plant height, days to 75% dry husk, ear length, number of kernel rows per ear, 100 kernel weight, kernel yield per plant and shelling percentage. | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810170210 | |
dc.keywords | Maize, Heterosis, Combining ability, Genetic components of variation | en_US |
dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
dc.pages | 142p | en_US |
dc.publisher | JAU, JUNAGADH | en_US |
dc.sub | Genetics and Plant Breeding | en_US |
dc.theme | GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) 2902 | en_US |
dc.these.type | M.Sc | en_US |
dc.title | GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) 2902 | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
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