MANAGEMENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN CHRONIC VALVULAR HEART DISEASE IN DOGS
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Date
2018-10-30
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Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Thrissur
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered to be one of the major contributing factors in the development of cardiac diseases. Sixty nine dogs presented with symptoms of cardiac and respiratory ailments were screened for cardiac diseases. Based on clinical, electro cardio graphic, radiographic and echo cardio graphic examination,
cardiac diseases were confirmed in 34 dogs. Types of cardiac disorders diagnosed in the study were mitral valve insufficiency (76.47%), dilated cardiomyopathy (17.65%) and tricuspid valvular insufficiency (5.88%). Twenty dogs that belonged to stage C as per American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine consensus statement on guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of canine chronic valvular heart disease were selected and randomly divided into two groups of ten animals each. The selected animals were subjected
to detailed clinical examination, blood pressure measurement, electro cardio graphic, radiographic and echo cardio graphic examination and assessment of oxidative stress parameters on the day of presentation. Animals that belonged to group I and II were treated with furo semide, enalapril and pimobendan for two months. In addition, animals of group II were supplemented with coenzyme Q10. Oxidative stress
parameters were rechecked on 30 th and 60 th day of treatment. All animals werereassessed by echo cardiographic and blood pressure measurement on 60 th day.Higher occurrence of valvular heart diseases was recorded in small breeds. Maledogs were more affected compared to females. The average age was 9.73 years. Inappetance, dyspnoea, murmurs on auscultation, lethargy, exercise intolerance,dull heart sounds and syncope were the major clinical signs and findings.Electro cardio graphic changes recorded were atrial fibrillation, ST coving, first degree AV block, second degree AV block, āPā mitrale, sinus tachycardia and
ventricular premature complexes. Left atrial enlargement and cardiomegaly were the predominant radiographic changes noticed. Clinical response was more evident in group II animals compared to group I animals. At the end of the study period, a significant fall in total antioxidant status and a slight decrease in mean values of lipid peroxides was recorded in group II. No statistical significance was recorded in the ejection fraction, fractional shortening and E point to septal separation values within the treatment groups.
Description
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Veterinary Science of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence