COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ACEPROMAZINE, MIDAZOLAM AND BUTORPHANOL AS ADJUNCTS TO XYLAZINE-KETAMINE ANAESTHESIA FOR VASECTOMY IN CAPTIVE SAMBAR DEER (RUSA UNICOLOR)
Loading...
Date
2017
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, POOKODE WAYANAD
Abstract
Anaesthetic protocols using acepromazine, butorphanol and midazolam as
independent adjuncts to xylazine-ketamine were evaluated in thirty captive
Sambar Deer (Rusa unicolor) undergoing vasectomy. Acepromazine, xylazine and
ketamine (0.1 ± 0.01, 3.1 ± 0.2 and 4.2 ± 0.2 mg/kg b. wt., respectively - Group
I), butorphanol, xylazine and ketamine (0.09, 2.8 ± 0.1 and 3.7 ± 0.1 mg/kg b. wt.,
respectively - Group II) and midazolam, xylazine and ketamine (0.2 ± 0.01, 3.0 ±
0.1 and 4.0 ± 0.1, mg/kg b. wt. respectively - Group III) were administered
intramuscularly by darting (n = 10 each), followed by ketamine intravenously in
animals not anaesthetised fifteen minutes from darting. Quality of induction, ease
of physical restraint for ketamine administration and recovery from anaesthesia
were scored. Yohimbine (0.3 mg/kg b. wt., IV) was administered following
surgical procedure. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and invasive
arterial blood pressure were recorded at five minute intervals. Arterial (10th and
20th minute) and venous (immediately after induction) blood samples were
collected. Ketamine was administered at the rate of 1.5 ± 0.2, 1.2 ± 0.2 and 1.1
mg/kg in Groups I, II and III, respectively. Quality and time for induction of
anaesthesia was better in Group III (9.8 ± 1.18 min.) compared to Group I (16.1 ±
1.36 min.) and Group II (15.0 ± 1.29 min.) Recovery was prolonged (27.2 ± 2.93
min.) in Group III. Mean rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate were in
normal range, while hypertension was observed in all animals. Hypoxemia with
moderate hypercapnia, mildly acidic blood pH and elevated creatine kinase levels
were observed in all groups. Blood glucose level was significantly high in Group
III. Based on the study, acepromazine-xylazine-ketamine and butorphanolxylazine-ketamine can be recommended for minor procedures and midazolamxylazine-ketamine for surgical procedures requiring longer immobilisation in
captive Sambar Deer.
Description
Keywords
null