Studies on the prevalence and management of rice root knot nematode, meloidogyne graminicola golden and birchfield, 1965
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Date
2008
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
An abstract of thesis submitted to the Chaudhary Charan
Singh Haryana Agricultural University in the partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of M. Sc. (Ag.) in Nematology).
An extensive survey was conducted for the prevalence of
Meloidogyne graminicola in the Karnal, Panipat and Sonepat
districts of Haryana. The results revealed that all the rice
nurseries of these districts were infected with M. graminicola.
Maximum occurrence (71.4%) was found in Sonepat district, while
in Panipat and Karnal districts 50% and 34.2% rice nurseries,
respectively were found infected.
An intensive survey was conducted in the rice nurseries of
fourteen villages of Kharkhauda block of Sonepat district for the
prevalence of M. graminicola. All the rice nurseries in these
villages were found infected with this nematode. Frequency of occurrence was recorded to be 62.5% of this nematode in
Kharkhauda block.
The effect of rhizobacteria, namely Azotobacter chroococcum
(103, MSX-9, HT-54 and BNR-6), Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus
(CO 99-70, 35-47 and 760-50), Bacillus spp. (91 and 65),
Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. maltophila was studied in rice in
naturally infested soil with M. graminicola under green house
conditions. The results showed that all the rhizobacterial strains
except (A. chroococcum strain 103) significantly increased the
plant height and weight and reduced the number of galls/plant
and nematode over untreated check. Maximum plant height
(6.75cm) was recorded in G. diazotrophicus strain 760-50 and
Bacillus spp. 91. Similarly, maximum plant weight 0.83g and
0.93g was recorded in both treatments, respectively. However,
maximum reduction of nematode population (0.5 and 0.6 times)
was observed in G. diazotrophicus strain 760-50 and A.
chroococcum strain BNR-6, respectively over untreated check
(1.5). The effect of oil cakes of neem and mustard, and leaves of
neem and calotropis each @ 1% and 2% w/w as soil application
was studied on rice infected with M. graminicola in pots. The
results showed that all treatments significantly increased the
plant height, weight and reduced number of galls/plant and
nematode population of M. graminicola over untreated check
except neem cake @ 1% dose. Amongst various plant products,
maximum height (9.75 cm) and weight (1.82g) was recorded in
mustard cake @ 2%. Similarly, minimum gall numbers
(3.25/plant) and maximum reduction (0.4 times) in nematode
multiplication was recorded in mustard cake @ 2% dose.
Description
Keywords
Rice, Planting, Biological phenomena, Meloidogyne graminicola, Bacteria, Vegetative propagation, Sowing, Biological development, Diseases, Mustard