Effect of irrigation scheduling and tillage for rice residue management on productivity and water use of wheat
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was conducted with three irrigation regimes based on irrigation water/open
pan evaporation (IW/PAN-E) (0.6 (I1), (I2) 0.8 and 1.0 (I3)) and four tillage treatments for
paddy residue management primary tillage with mouldboard plough to a depth of 25 cm
(PTF+R) followed by rotavator, primary tillage with mouldboard plough to a depth of 14 cm
(PTH+R) followed by rotavator, wheat sown with happy seeder in rice stubbles (NT) and
secondary tillage with two discing and cultivator (CT) before sowing wheat to observe the
effect of irrigation scheduling and tillage for residue management on water use and
productivity of wheat for the two years (2016-17 and 2017-18). Both the soil bulk density and
mean weight diameter were significantly higher in NT over PTF+R. The saturated hydraulic
conductivity was significantly higher in PTF+R by 72.5% and 81.7% as compared to NT in 0-
7.5 and 7.5-15 cm soil layers respectively. Among tillage for residue management practices, the
significantly higher grain yield was observed in PTF+R by 16.3% and 18.2% as compared to
NT during 2016-17 and 2017-18 respectively. Significantly higher grain yield was observed in
I3 by 39.5% and 37.5% as compared to I1 during 2016-17 and 2017-18 respectively. Grain yield
was significantly higher under PTF+R during 2016-17 and 2017-18. The soil water retention
and soil organic carbon content were significantly higher under NT as compared to PTH+R and
CT. Leaf area index was significantly higher in PTF+R (by 56.8 %) as compared CT. Root
length density was significantly higher by 89% in PTF+R as compared to NT. ET losses were
higher under I3 than I1. PTF+R was observed to be better with respect to improvement in soil
physical properties and water use in wheat.