Physiological and biochemical effects of salicylic acid in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under cadmium stress
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Date
2007
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The present study entitled “Physiological and biochemical effects of
salicylic acid in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under cadmium stress” was
conducted during Kharif 2006 in pots in the screen house, Department of
Botany and Plant Physiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar. The experiment was laid out in factorial completely randomized
design with three replications. The treatments consisted of four levels of
SA (0 mM as control, 100 mM seed treatment, 0 mM as water spray at
booting stage and 100 mM spray at booting stage) and three levels of Cd
viz. 0, 250 and 500 mM kg-1 soil applied after 30 days of sowing.
Growth of rice plant in terms of plant height, number of tillers and
leaf area at flowering, and total dry weight of shoot and its component
(stem, leaf and panicle) at harvest decreased under Cd stress. SA spray
treatment proved better than SA seed treatment in partially improving
these parameters under Cd stress.
Cd stress significantly reduced the ΨW, ΨS, RWC, rates of
photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance, and contents of
total chlorophyll, total soluble carbohydrate and total soluble protein in
leaf at flowering. SA spray treatment being better than seed treatment
partially improved these parameters under Cd stress.
Considerable increase in the contents of total free amino acids, free
proline, malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation) and percentage of
membrane injury in leaf at flowering, and the Cd concentration in shoot
and its components (Stem, leaf and panicle) at harvest were observed
under Cd stress. SA spray treatment being more effective than seed
treatment counteracted the Cd-induced elevation on these parameters
Cd stress adversely affected the yield and its components number
of panicles per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, filled grain
percentage and 1000-grain weight) over control. Among these, number
of panicles per plant and number of spikelets per panicle were more
sensitive yield components responsible for decrease in grain yield under
Cd stress. Grain yield and its components were higher in SA treated
plants. SA spray being better than SA seed treatment partially alleviated
the grain yield more under 250 mM of Cd than under 500 mM of Cd.
In brown rice, starch and amylose content decreased but Cd
concentration increased under Cd stress. Application of SA decreased the
Cd concentration and showed partial improvement in starch and amylose
content in brown rice under Cd stress.
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Keywords
Salisylic acid, Cadmium, Ozyza sativa, Electrolyte leakage, Lipid peroxidation, Transpiration, Water potential